摘要
为了提高设施果菜落蔓及疏蔓作业机械化、自动化程度,减轻劳动强度,提高作业效率,提出了融合落蔓及疏蔓功能的系统方案,并对关键部件进行设计且制作了样机。系统主要包括吊蔓轴、落蔓器、落蔓传动系统和疏蔓传动系统,通过吊蔓轴转动和水平移动实现落蔓和疏蔓。重点对吊蔓轴3种铰支约束状态下进行了静力学分析,结果表明:1/3处铰支约束的最大形变量不超过2mm,满足日光温室8m长种植系统落蔓需求。对落蔓器不同动摩擦因数进行仿真分析表明:随着动摩擦因数增大,最大工作角度逐渐减小,到达稳定工作状态时间变长,能够完成落蔓作业。温室生产试验结果表明:系统落蔓速度为3.47~6.91mm/s、疏蔓速度为3.35~6.81mm/s、疏蔓宽度为263mm时,可满足温室落蔓和疏蔓作业要求,实现了落蔓、疏蔓的自动化管理,提升了温室果菜生产自动化水平。
In order to improve the mechanization and automation of fruit vegetables vine lowering and thinning operation,reduce labor intensity and improve operation efficiency,a design scheme of automatic system was proposed,which integrated the functions of vine lowering and thinning.The design of key components was described in detail and the prototype was made.This system mainly includes vine hanging shaft,vine lowerator,vine lowering transmission system and vine thinning transmission system.The vine falling and thinning functions are realized through the rotation and horizontal movement of vine hanging shaft.The static analysis was carried out under three constraint states of the vine hanging shaft,including two ends hinged support,middle point hinged support and one third point hinged support.The results showed that The maximum deformation of one-third point hinged support is not more than 2 mm,that can meet the demand of 8 m planting system in solar greenhouse;The different dynamic friction coefficients of the vine dropper are simulated and analyzed,and the results show that:with the increase of dynamic friction coefficient,the maximum working angle decreases gradually,and the time to reach the stable working state becomes longer,the copper sliding bearing could be used to connect the vine lowerator and the vine hanging shaft to complete the vine lowering operation.The results of field experiment showed that:the speed of vine lowering was 3.47-6.91 mm/s,the speed of vine thinning was 3.35-6.81 mm/s,the width of vine thinning was 263 mm,the automatic operation of vine lowering and thinning function could be completed.The system realizes the automatic management of falling vine and thinning vine,which is of great significance to improve the automation level of greenhouse fruit and vegetable production and reduce the labor intensity.
作者
侯永
王春辉
李邵
齐飞
李恺
王志明
Hou Yong;Wang Chunhui;Li Shao;Qi Fei;Li Kai;Wang Zhiming(Academy of Agricultural Planning and Enginering,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affaires,Beijing 100125,China;Key Laboratory of Farm Building in Structure and Construction,MARA,Beijing 100125,China;Nanjing University of Science and Technology,Nanjing 210014,China)
出处
《农机化研究》
北大核心
2023年第2期140-147,共8页
Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research
基金
“十三五”国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0701500)
河北省重点研发计划项目(19227214D)。
关键词
日光温室
果菜
落蔓
疏蔓
自动化
solar greenhouse
fruit vegetables
vine falling
vine thinning
automatic system
