摘要
以东北林业大学白桦强化种子园中的制种母树为材料,通过自由授粉获得了69个半同胞家系;2014年7月末采种,2015年在东北林业大学帽儿山实验林场温室大棚内使用营养钵育苗,2016年在东北林业大学帽儿山实验林场开展造林试验;2019年秋季对5年生试验林各家系的树高、胸径进行调查,同时统计了制种母树连续8 a(2012—2019年)的结实量及结实次数;在各性状差异显著的基础上,采用隶属函数法对种子园母树进行评价。结果表明:树高、胸径在不同家系间均表现为极显著差异(P<0.01),树高的平均遗传力达到了77.16%,胸径的平均遗传力达到了81.30%。通过对2个生长性状的多重比较,结合母树结实量,选出9个家系(1■24、1■29、1■36、1■51、1■58、3■1、3■4、3■31、3■42)为优良家系,这些家系平均树高为4.42 m,超出总体均值10.23%;平均胸径为3.23 cm,超出总体均值14.82%。生长量最优家系为158,在树高和胸径的多重比较中均位于首位,树高超出总体均值17.42%,遗传增益达到13.44%;胸径超出总体均值26.60%,遗传增益达到21.62%。根据母树结实量及子代树高胸径生长量,采用隶属函数法共评出优秀母树8株、良好母树13株、一般母树19株、较差母树29株,其中评级为较差的母树将被淘汰。淘汰较差母树后,种子园年均结实量预期增加41.43%,子代树高、胸径预期增加3.74%和5.69%。不同子代家系间树高、胸径存在极显著差异,且受遗传因素影响大;母树结实量同子代生长量之间无明显关联;母树结实存在丰歉年现象,且有不结实的年份;评价母树,应当结合子代和母树本身进行综合考量。
Sixty-nine half-sib families were obtained through free pollination using the seed-producing mother tree in the White Birch Intensified Seed Garden of Northeast Forestry University;the seeds were collected at the end of July 2014,the nutrient bowl seedling cultivation was used in the greenhouse of Maoershan Experimental Forest Farm of Northeast Forestry University in 2015,and afforestation experiments were carried out in Maoershan Experimental Forest Farm of Northeast Forestry University in 2016.The tree height and thoracic diameter of each family of the 5-a experimental forest were investigated in fall 2019,and the seed setting weight and times of seed trees were counted for 8 consecutive years(2012-2019).On the basis of the significant differences among the traits,the subordinate function method was used to evaluate the seed trees in seed orchard.The result showed that the differences of tree height and DBH among different families were significant(P<0.01).The average heritability of tree height and DBH were 77.16%and 81.30%,respectively.Through the multiple comparison of two growth traits and the seed setting weight of seed trees,the average tree height of these families was 4.42 m,10.23%higher than the overall average,and the average diameter at breast height was 3.23 cm,14.82%higher than the overall average.nine families(1■24,1■29,1■36,1■51,1■58,3■1,3■4,3■31 and 3■42)were selected as excellent families,the average tree height of these families was 4.42 m,10.23%higher than the overall average.The average DBH was 3.23 cm,14.82%higher than the overall average.The family with the best growth rate was 158.This family ranked first in the multiple comparison of tree height and thoracic diameter,with tree height exceeding the overall mean 17.42%,genetic gain reaching 13.44%,thoracic diameter exceeding the overall mean 26.60%,and genetic gain reaching 21.62%.According to the seed setting weight of seed trees and the height and thoracic diameter of offspring,the subordinate function method was used t
作者
袁启航
张潇月
李志新
姜静
刘桂丰
Yuan Qihang;Zhang Xiaoyue;Li Zhixin;Jiang Jing;Liu Guifeng(Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,P.R.China)
出处
《东北林业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第12期1-8,共8页
Journal of Northeast Forestry University
基金
国家重点研发计划课题(2017YFD0600603)。
关键词
白桦
半同胞子代
种子园母树
Betula platyphylla
Half sibling
Seed tree
