摘要
为了解山东省主要果园土壤养分状况,2018—2019年在山东省选取了248个代表性果园采集土壤样本,并对土壤pH、有机质及大、中、微量元素等进行定量分析。结果表明,山东省果园土壤pH变幅为4.08~8.89,平均为6.29,整体偏酸;58.34%果园土壤有机质含量少于10 g/kg,有机质含量极度匮乏;47.92%果园土壤氮素较缺乏;各果园速效磷、速效钾含量总体上较丰富;中量元素钙、镁和微量元素铁、锰、锌丰缺并存,有效铜含量丰富,而有效硼平均含量仅为0.48 mg/kg,55.89%果园土壤有效硼严重缺乏。山东省果园土壤限制因子主要为土壤偏酸化,有机质匮乏,有效锌、有效硼含量不足,因此生产上可施用生石灰、生物炭等物质,注重有机肥替代化肥、秸秆还田和腐殖酸肥料的应用,从而提高土壤pH和有机质,并可通过叶面喷施铁、锰、锌、硼肥等保证果树对微量元素的需求。
In order to know the soil nutrient status of the major orchards in Shandong Province,248 representative orchards were selected to collect soil samples from 2018 to 2019,and soil pH,organic matter,large elements,medium elements and trace elements were quantitatively analyzed.The results showed that the pH of orchard soil in Shandong Province varied from 4.08 to 8.89,with an average of 6.29,and the whole orchard soil was acidic.The content of organic matter was extremely poor,58.34%of the orchard was generally less than 10 g/kg.47.92%of orchard soil was deficient in nitrogen,and the content of available phosphorus and available potassium in all orchards was abundant.The contents of medium elements calcium,magnesium and trace elements iron,manganese and zinc were in a state of coexistence of abundantce and deficiency.The content of available copper was rich,while the average content of available boron was only 0.48 mg/kg,and 55.89%of the orchard soil was seriously deficient.The main limiting factors of orchard soil in Shandong Province were soil partial acidification,lack of organic matter and insufficient content of available zinc and boron.Therefore,quicklime,biochar and other substances could be applied in production,and organic fertilizer instead of chemical fertilizer,straw returning and humic acid fertilizer application should be emphasized to improve soil pH and organic matter,and the method of foliar spraying iron,manganese,zinc and boron fertilizer could be applied to ensure the demand of fruit trees for trace elements.
作者
高璐阳
马志明
房福力
武良
GAO Lu-yang;MA Zhi-ming;FANG Fu-li;WU Liang(Xinyangfeng Agricultural Technology Co.,Ltd./Key Laboratory of Special Fertilizers for Crops of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Jingmen 448000,Hubei,China;Shandong Xinyangfeng Fertilizer Co.,Ltd.,Heze 274000,Shandong,China)
出处
《湖北农业科学》
2022年第21期50-56,共7页
Hubei Agricultural Sciences
关键词
果园土壤
PH
有机质
中量元素
微量元素
养分评价
山东省
orchard soil
pH
organic matter
medium element
trace element
nutrient evaluation
Shandong Province
