摘要
为明确低剂量化学杀虫剂对寄生性天敌昆虫的影响,以棉蚜茧蜂为对象,测定了常用杀虫剂啶虫脒和新型杀虫剂双丙环虫酯在LC_(5)和LC_(30)剂量下对棉蚜茧蜂寄生功能反应的影响。结果表明:啶虫脒和双丙环虫酯对棉蚜的LC_(50)值分别为442.6和1.67 mg/L,对棉蚜茧蜂的LD_(50)值分别为0.007和20.58μg/cm^(2)。经低剂量的2种杀虫剂处理后,棉蚜茧蜂寄生量与棉蚜密度呈负加速曲线,随棉蚜密度的增加棉蚜茧蜂寄生量逐渐增大,最终趋于平缓。模型拟合结果表明,寄生功能反应模型的基本结构仍然属于Holling-Ⅱ模型,但模型的各项参数均发生了改变。在棉蚜密度为20、40和100头/皿时,除LC_(5)剂量双丙环虫酯处理棉蚜(间接处理)组棉蚜茧蜂的寄生量与对照组无显著差异外,其他各药剂处理组的寄生量均显著低于对照组,其中LD_(30)剂量啶虫脒直接处理棉蚜茧蜂对其寄生能力的抑制作用最强。经低剂量药剂间接处理后,棉蚜茧蜂处理每头棉蚜所用的时间与对照相比均显著延长,且药剂处理组的最大日寄生量均显著低于对照组。此外,低剂量的啶虫脒和双丙环虫酯均能显著抑制棉蚜茧蜂的寻找效应。研究表明,低剂量啶虫脒和双丙环虫酯对棉蚜茧蜂的寄生作用存在负面影响,这对保护和利用天敌以及指导农药科学合理使用均具有重要参考意义。
In order to clarify the effects of low doses of chemical insecticides on parasitic natural enemies,the effects of two low doses(LC_(5) and LC_(30))of a commonly used insecticide(acetamiprid)and a novel insecticide(afidopyropen)on the parasitic functional response of Lysiphlebia japonica(Ashmead)to Aphis gossypii Glover were determined in the present study.The results showed that the LC_(50) of A.gossypii to acetamiprid and afidopyropen were 442.6 mg/L and 1.67 mg/L,and the LD_(50) of L.japonica to these two insecticides were 0.007μg/cm^(2) and 20.58μg/cm^(2),respectively.After exposure to sublethal doses of insecticides,the parasitism of L.japonica showed a negative acceleration curve with the density of A.gossypii.The parasitism load of L.japonica increased gradually with the increase of A.gossypii density.The basic structure of the functional response model of L.japonica still conformed to Holling type-Ⅱ,while the parameters of the model had some changes.When A.gossypii density was 20,40,and 100 individuals per dish,the parasitism of L.japonica was significantly lower than that of the control group except for that of L.japonica treated with LC_(5) of acetamiprid,which was not significantly different from the control,and the LD_(30) of acetamiprid had the strongest inhibition on the parasitism of L.japonica.When A.gossypii was exposed to low doses of insecticides,the parasitism time of L.japonica on A.gossypii was significantly prolonged compared to the control.Moreover,the maximum daily predation of L.japonica was significantly lower than that of the control.In addition,the searching efficiency of L.japonica was significantly inhibited by low doses of acetamiprid and afidopyropen.Our results indicated that low doses of acetamiprid and afidopyropen had negative effects on the parasitism of L.japonica,and these results help to protect and utilize natural enemies and guide the scientific and rational use of pesticides in the fields.
作者
张亮
吕海翔
石丹丹
李旭超
马康生
ZHANG Liang;LYU Haixiang;SHI Dandan;LI Xuchao;MA Kangsheng(Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory,College of Plant Science&Technology,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,China)
出处
《农药学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第6期1417-1424,共8页
Chinese Journal of Pesticide Science
基金
国家自然科学基金(32172446)
中央高校基本科研业务费专项基金(2662019QD052).
