摘要
基于万家寨水库运用以来的水文观测资料,分析水库运用过程、冲淤量的时空分布和三角洲淤积形态变化,总结万家寨库区冲淤演变特征。结果表明:自万家寨水库运用以来,库区经历连续淤积和冲刷过程,至2019年10月累计淤积量为3.330亿m^(3),沿程淤积集中在WD42断面以下,沿高程淤积集中在汛限水位966 m以下,WD56断面以上呈现沿程冲淤调整的特征;降水冲沙期的冲刷分布与淤积集中部位一致,部分槽库容得以恢复。库区纵剖面呈三角洲淤积形态,淤积过程中三角洲向坝前逐步推进,在排沙运用期顶点后退,顶点位置和高程与库区累计淤积量具有较好关系,2018年降水冲沙后三角洲形态调整不明显。运用实践表明,万家寨水库排沙运用可以冲刷库区淤积泥沙,加强降水冲沙调度是维持万家寨水库防洪库容的有效运用方式。
Based on the hydrological observation data since the Wanjiazhai Reservoir was put into operation,the operation process of the res⁃ervoir,the temporal and spatial distribution of the sedimentation amount,and the morphological changes of the sedimentation delta were ana⁃lyzed,and the evolution characteristics of erosion and deposition in the Wanjiazhai Reservoir were summarized.The results show that since the Wanjiazhai Reservoir is put into operation,the reservoir area has experienced continuous deposition and scouring processes.By 2019,the accumulated deposition amount is 333 million m3.The deposition along the route is concentrated below the WD42 section,and the deposition along the elevation is concentrated below the flood limit water level of 966 m.Above the WD56 section,there are characteristics of scouring and silting adjustment along the journey.The distribution of scour during the precipitation scour period is consistent with the concentration of siltation,and the storage capacity of some channel has been restored.The longitudinal section of the reservoir area is in the form of delta dep⁃osition.During the deposition process,the delta is gradually advanced to the front of the dam,and the apex retreats during the period of sedi⁃ment discharge.The location and elevation of the apex have a good relationship with the accumulated deposition in the reservoir area.The del⁃ta shape is no longer obvious after the 2018 precipitation washing away the sand.The application practice shows that the application of sedi⁃ment discharge in Wanjiazhai Reservoir can wash away the sediment deposited in the reservoir area,and strengthening the scheduling of pre⁃cipitation and sediment washing is an effective way to maintain the flood control storage capacity of Wanjiazhai Reservoir.
作者
侯素珍
胡恬
杨飞
HOU Suzhen;HU Tian;YANG Fei(Yellow River Institute of Hydraulic Research,YRCC,Zhengzhou 450003,China;Key Laboratory of Yellow River Sediment Research,MWR,Zhengzhou 450003,China)
出处
《人民黄河》
CAS
北大核心
2022年第12期25-29,共5页
Yellow River
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC0407406,2017YFC0405202)。
关键词
冲淤演变
三角洲淤积形态
深泓点
纵剖面
横断面
万家寨水库
erosion and silting evolution
delta deposition pattern
deep point
longitudinal section
cross section
Wanjiazhai Reservoir
