摘要
基于北斗船位数据的渔船监测系统可通过船位特征反映渔船作业特点,为渔业资源的开发管理提供科学依据。对2018年南海外海大型灯光罩网渔业进行了分析。结果显示,北斗船位监控系统共记录来自广东、广西、海南三省区的121艘大型灯光罩网渔船的8821681条船位记录,平均每天每艘船406条。北斗船位监控系统记录船位信息的频次在省份间存在差异,且外海明显多于近岸。根据船位数据可判断大型灯光罩网的作业天数及位置变化。其中渔船春季主要在南沙海区作业,夏季主要在珠江口外海作业,秋冬季在北部湾和中、西沙海区作业;2018年共作业19986 d,作业天数从高到低依次为春季7768 d(38.87%)、秋季4738 d(23.71%)、冬季4406 d(22.04%)、夏季3074 d(15.38%)。此外,还探讨了应用北斗船位监控系统监测大型灯光罩网渔船的优势与不足,得出利用北斗船位监控系统对南海大型灯光罩网渔船进行监测,可以快速、全面地掌握南海大型灯光罩网渔业的空间分布和动态变化。
Beidou vessel monitoring system(VMS),which monitors fishing operations of vessels by vessel position characteristics,can provide scientific references for the development and management of fishery.We explored the large-size light falling-net fishery in the South China Sea based on VMS data in 2018.Beidou VMS obtained a total of 8821681 records of 121 vessels from Guangdong,Guangxi and Hainan Provinces,with an average of 406 records per vessel per day.There is a difference in the frequency of Beidou VMS transmission among the vessels from different provinces,and VMS signals were more frequently transmitted when a vessel was operating in the open South China Sea than when it was fishing along the coast.The vessels mainly operated fishing in the Nansha Islands in spring,off the Pearl River Estuary in summer,and in the Beibu Gulf and Zhongsha and Xisha Islands waters in autumn and winter.In 2018,the vessels operated 19986 fishing days in the South China Sea,decreasing from 7768 d(38.87%)in spring,4738 d(23.71%)in autumn,4406 d(22.05%)in winter to 3074 d(15.38%)in summer.Moreover,we discussed the advantages and disadvantages of Beidou VMS in monitoring the large-size light falling-net vessels.It is showed that using Beidou VMS to study the large-scale light falling-net vessel in the South China Sea can monitor their spatial distribution and dynamic changes quickly and comprehensively.
作者
钱静
李佳俊
陈作志
马胜伟
张鹏
邱永松
蔡研聪
QIAN Jing;LI Jiajun;CHEN Zuozhi;MA Shengwei;ZHANG Peng;QIU Yongsong;CAI Yancong(College of Marine Sciences,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences/Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Open-Sea Fishery,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Guangzhou 510301,China;Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory,Guangzhou 511548,China)
出处
《南方水产科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第6期1-9,共9页
South China Fisheries Science
基金
广东省重点领域研发计划项目(2020B1111030001)
农业农村部财政专项(NFZX2021)
南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(广州)人才团队引进重大专项(GML2019ZD0605)
中国水产科学研究院中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金资助(2020TD05)
中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金资助(2021SD01)
广州市科技局项目(202102020708)
农业农村部外海渔业开发重点实验室开放课题(LOF 2021-03)。
关键词
大型灯光罩网
北斗渔船监测系统
船位数据
南海
Large-size light falling-net fishery
Beidou VMS
Vessel position data
South China Sea
