摘要
目的了解2016—2020年内蒙古自治区农村环境卫生现状和农村居民卫生行为习惯,为农村环境改善提供数据支持。方法在内蒙古自治区随机抽取10个盟市的29个旗县区共580个行政村作为监测点,每个监测点选择5户家庭作为监测户。通过查阅资料、现场调查等方法收集行政村内和农村家庭卫生管理情况。结果2016—2020年内蒙古自治区村内垃圾集中处理率由30.7%提高到51.4%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=96.708,P<0.01;χ^(2)_(趋势)=63.148,P<0.01);道路全部硬化率由55.1%提高到68.8%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=51.751,P<0.01;χ^(2)_(趋势)=15.874,P<0.01);开展农村环境卫生宣教工作的占比由61.7%提高到82.4%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=85.977,P<0.01;χ^(2)_(趋势)=76.831,P<0.01)。农村居民饮水习惯和洗手习惯得到改善,垃圾随意丢弃率由20.2%下降到5.8%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=602.566,P<0.01;χ^(2)_(趋势)=467.249,P<0.01)。结论2016—2020年内蒙古自治区农村环境整体卫生状况有一定的改善,但仍存在诸多问题,建议采取多种有效措施改善农村环境卫生。
Objective To provide data supports for continued improvement of rural environment by understanding the current situation of rural sanitation and sanitation behavior of rural residents in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region.Methods Five hundred and eighty administrative villages in 29 Qi-level counties of 10 league cities were randomly selected as monitoring sites in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,and 5 rural households in each monitoring site were selected as monitoring households.Family sanitation management details of administrative villages and rural areas were collected by means of data access and on-site investigation.Results The centralized treatment rate of intra-village wastes in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region from 2016 to 2020 increased from 30.7%to 51.4%,the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=96.708,P<0.01;χ^(2)_(trend)=63.148,P<0.01),and the total hardening rate of roads increased from 55.1%to 68.8%,and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=51.751,P<0.01;χ^(2)_(trend)=15.874,P<0.01),the proportion of sanitation propaganda and education conducted in rural areas increased from 61.7%to 82.4%,and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=85.977,P<0.01;χ^(2)_(trend)=76.831,P<0.01).The drinking water and hand washing habits of rural residents were improved.The random waste disposal rate decreased from 20.2%to 5.8%,and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=602.566,P<0.01;χ^(2)_(trend)=467.249,P<0.01).Conclusion The overall sanitation status of rural areas in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region from 2016 to 2020 are improved,and there are still abundant problems.It is advised to take a variety of effective measures to improve rural sanitation.
作者
李婧
李丽
张晨光
杨升美
殷明辉
赵菊芳
LI Jing;LI Li;ZHANG Chen-guang;YANG Sheng-mei;YIN Ming-hui;ZHAO Ju-fang(General Center for Disease Control and Preventionof Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,Hohhot010080,China)
出处
《医学动物防制》
2022年第10期965-968,共4页
Journal of Medical Pest Control
基金
内蒙古自治区自然科学基金(2019MS03027)。
关键词
农村
环境卫生
行为习惯
监测
分析
Rural area
Sanitation
Behavioral habits
Monitoring
Analysis
