摘要
核热推进反应堆因其独特的优点渐渐受到人们重视,但其不具有完善的辐射屏蔽措施,会在运行后对外界环境造成大量的辐射,有必要对其辐射特性进行研究。本文针对美国“冥王星”TORYⅡ-C反应堆运行后产生的放射性裂变产物造成的辐射进行研究,采用点核积分算法计算得到该种反应堆满功率运行10 h后的剂量当量率分布。计算结果表明,TORYⅡ-C屏蔽层外表面剂量当量率最大可达到67.185 Sv/h,其中尾部的剂量率最高,侧面剂量率最低。TORYⅡ-C运行后会产生大量辐射物质,必须加装辐射屏蔽设施。
Nuclear thermal-propulsion reactor has attracted more and more attention because of its long service life, strong mobility and high concealment. However, in order to achieve higher mobility, nuclear thermal-propulsion reactor reduces its weight and does not have perfect radiation shielding measures, which will cause a lot of radiation to the external environment after operation. The radiation has an important impact on the application and development of nuclear thermal propulsion reactor. Therefore, it is necessary to study its radiation characteristics. This paper studies the radiation caused by the radioactive fission products produced after the operation of “Pluto” TORY Ⅱ-C reactor published by the United States in the last century, ignoring the direct radiation of chain fission reaction, the radioactivity of component activation and the leakage of radioactive gas. Firstly in this paper, the burnup products of the reaction after 10 hours of full power operation were calculated by Monte Carlo method and the energy spectra of 106 radionuclides with high radioactivity were calculated, including X-ray, gamma ray, bremsstrahlung and spontaneous fission gamma ray. Then the radiation field outside the reactor was calculated by point-kernel integral method. Because the point-kernel integral method has higher accuracy in calculating the simple structure, the reactor geometry was simplified in calculating the radiation field in this paper. The calculation results show that the reactor consumes 0.56%U after operation. The radioactivity increases gradually with time and finally reaches 1.298×10Bq. Gamma radiation accounts for the main part. The maximum dose rate on the outer surface of TORY Ⅱ-C shielding layer can reach 67.185 Sv/h. Because the rear reflection layer is the thinnest and the side reflection layer is the thickest, the dose rate at the tail is the highest and the side dose rate is the lowest. At the same time, the calculated radiation field maintains a high dose rate in a large range. Therefore, this
作者
温永江
王成龙
张大林
秋穗正
苏光辉
田文喜
WEN Yongjiang;WANG Chenglong;ZHANG Dalin;QIU Suizheng;SU Guanghui;TIAN Wenxi(School of Nuclear Science and Technology,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710049,China)
出处
《原子能科学技术》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第12期2662-2669,共8页
Atomic Energy Science and Technology
基金
国家自然科学基金(U1967203)。
关键词
核热推进反应堆
裂变产物
放射性源项
辐射
nuclear thermal-propulsion reactor
fission product
radioactive source term
radiation
