摘要
开放获取(Open Access)已经“扑面而来”.2022年4月10日,根据Webof Science平台的Science Citation Index Expanded(简称SCI)数据库统计,2021年全球出版SCI论文2747405篇,其中开放获取论文有1251434篇,占比为45.55%.可以预计,全球开放获取论文将很快超过非开放获取论文.我国较早就参与到全球的开放获取运动中2003年12月29日,时任中国科学院院长路甬祥院士代表中国科学家签署了《柏林宣言》.
Open Access has been in full swing around the world, with 1251434 academic papers published Open Access in 2021(or 45.55% of 2747405 totally published) and indexed in the Science Citation Index Expanded database. Open Access is surpassing the subscription publication model globally and continues to grow rapidly. China has been actively participating in the global Open Access initiatives since 2003, as landmarked by the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the National Natural Science Foundation of China signing the Berlin Declaration on Open Access to Knowledge in the Sciences and Humanities, followed by mandating China’s Open Access policies in 2014. Open Science was written into the Law of the People’s Republic of China on the Progress of Science and Technology(amended in December 2021) for the first time.Even though the great progress achieved, there still exist numerous debates, doubts and misunderstandings on the Open Access, especially the pros and cons from the economic aspect.This paper defines a new concept: The net benefit of scholarly communication(NBSC), which equals the benefit of scholarly communication(BSC) minus the cost of scholarly communication(CSC). Based on this concept, a new framework for analyzing the pros and cons of Open Access is proposed. We hope Open Access bring ΔNBSC>0, which can happen in four paths:(1) ΔBSC>0 and ΔCSC<0, Open Access adds BSC and saves CSC;(2) ΔBSC=0 and ΔCSC<0, BSC keeps no change and CSC gets saved;(3) ΔBSC>0 and ΔCSC=0, BSC gets added and CSC keeps no change;and(4) ΔBSC>0, ΔCSC>0, however, ΔBSC–ΔCSC>0, both BSC and CSC get added, but ΔBSC>ΔCSC. Each path will contribute a net benefit to NBSC and is positive.Using this new framework, we briefly analyzed whether China should embrace Open Access. Open Access may add both the BSC and CSC to China, however, if the increment of BSC is expected to surpass the increment of CSC, i.e., as that in Path 4, China shall take the decision to embrace Open Access. Some specific policy-making suggestions are provide
作者
宁笔
Bi Ning(University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Bejing 100049,China;Institue for the History of Natural Sciences,ChineseAcademy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China;Clarivate Analytics Information Services(Bejing)Co.,Ltd.,Bejing 10190,China)
出处
《科学通报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第28期3367-3371,共5页
Chinese Science Bulletin
关键词
开放获取
中国科学院
OPEN
SCI论文
学术传播
WEB
利弊分析
净收益
Open Access
Open Science
benefit of scholarly communication
cost of scholarly communication
net benefit of scholarly communication
