摘要
随着深部开采中切顶卸压技术的普遍实施,切顶巷道的顶板围岩稳定性问题日益突出,特别是对于厚煤层、厚泥岩等易离层破碎的煤岩顶板,切顶巷道冒顶失稳隐患更为严重。为研究上述问题,结合具体工程背景分析厚煤切顶巷道顶板采动失稳特征,提出以单体液压支柱支护为承载结构的厚煤切顶巷道顶板支护控制对策,构建单体支柱顶板承载力学模型。研究结果表明:受超前采动的影响,巷道顶板破坏失稳现象加剧,且厚煤顶板条件导致锚杆(索)锚固悬吊作用有限,因此被动支护成为切顶巷道稳定性控制的关键。通过构建单体支柱顶板承载结构力学模型,发现巷道越宽带来的顶板支护承载负担越大,单体支柱数量越多,越有利于被动支护分担顶板来压;单体支柱布置越靠近巷道顶板中部,被动支护的控制效率越高,合理布置能够实现超前采动影响下切顶巷道的稳定性控制。通过数值模拟和工程实践的支护控制效果验证,证明了支护设计的合理性。
With the widespread implementation of roof cutting and pressure relief technology in deep mining,the problem of roof surrounding rock stability of roof cutting roadway has become increasingly prominent due to the high mining-induced stress and the weak coal and roof rock. This is especially true for thick coal seam and thick mudstone.In this paper,a case study was performed to analyze the mining instability characteristics of thick coal roof cutting roadway. A ground control measure of thick coal roof cutting roadway with single hydraulic pillar support as the bearing structure was proposed. A bearing mechanical model of single pillar roof was constructed. The results show that the failure and instability of the roadway roof are aggravated under the influence of advanced mining,and the support effect of the rock bolts and cables is limited due to the conditions of thick coal roof. Therefore,passive support becomes the key to the stability control of roof cutting roadway. It was found that the wider the roadway is,the greater the bearing load of the roof support is,and the more the number of single columns is,the more conducive it is for the passive support to share the roof pressure. The closer the single column arrangement is to the middle of the roadway roof,the higher the control efficiency of the passive support is. The reasonable arrangement can realize the ground control of the roof cutting roadway under the influence of advanced mining. The rationality of support design is proved by numerical simulation and engineering practice.
作者
张懿
张向阳
卜庆为
李修冠
ZHANG Yi;ZHANG Xiangyang;BU Qingwei;LI Xiuguan(School of Mines,Anhui University of Science and Technology,Huainan 232001,China;School of Mining and Coal,Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology,Baotou 014010,China)
出处
《采矿与岩层控制工程学报》
北大核心
2022年第6期33-42,共10页
Journal of Mining and Strata Control Engineering
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(52074008,52074007)
安徽高校协同创新资助项目(GXXT-2020-056)
安徽省自然科学基金面上资助项目(2008085ME142)。
关键词
切顶巷道
厚煤顶板
力学模型
围岩控制
被动支护
roof cutting roadway
thick coal roof
mechanical model
surrounding rock control
passive support
