摘要
气候变化背景下,长江源区水资源条件发生了较大变化,由此导致河川基流也产生相应改变。以长江源区为研究区域,利用1957~2020年实测水文数据和气象数据,采用改进加里宁法计算长江源区河川基流,分析基流变化规律,探讨影响基流变化的气象因素及相应的影响程度。研究结果表明:长江源区直门达水文站1957~2020年多年平均河川基流量为53.4亿m 3,2008年以后长江源区基流呈现突变增加的趋势。长江源区基流增加原因主要包括两部分:一部分是降水增加引起的径流增加从而导致基流增加,一部分是气温升高引起的基流增加。长江源区近20 a来整体呈现暖湿化趋势,降水是河川径流的主要来源,降水增加直接造成地下水补给量增加,而气温升高有助于冰川、积雪和冻土融化,对基流的补给起到促进作用。研究成果可为揭示气候变化条件下长江源区河川径流组成及其水文响应规律提供科学依据。
Under the background of climate change,the water resources conditions in source region of the Changjiang River have undergone great changes,resulting in corresponding changes in river base flow.Based on the hydrological data and meteorological data from 1957 to 2020,the improved Kalinin method was used to calculate the base flow in the source region of the Changjiang River,analyzed the base flow changes law,and discussed the meteorological factors affecting the base flow changes and their corresponding influence degree.The research results showed that the average base flow of Zhimenda hydrological station in source region of the Changjiang River was 5.34 billion m 3 from 1957 to 2020.Since 2008 the base flow began to increase abruptly.The increase of base flow in source region of the Changjiang River mainly included two reasons:one was the increase of precipitation,and the other was the increase of temperature.In the past 20 years,the source region of the Changjiang River had shown a trend of warming and humidification.Precipitation was the main source of river runoff,and increase of precipitation directly leaded to increase of groundwater recharge.The increase in temperature helped to melt glaciers,snow and permafrost,and promoted the replenishment of base flow.The research results can provide a scientific basis for revealing the composition of river runoff and its hydrological responded in source region of the Changjiang River under the conditions of climate change.
作者
邵骏
熊莹
卜慧
王政祥
SHAO Jun;XIONG Ying;BU Hui;WANG Zhengxiang(Bureau of Hydrology,Changjiang Water Resources Commission,Wuhan 430010,China)
出处
《人民长江》
北大核心
2022年第11期61-65,71,共6页
Yangtze River
基金
第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究项目(2019QZKK0203)。
关键词
基流变化
气象因素
改进加里宁法
长江源区
base flow variation
meteorological factor
improved Kalinin method
source region of the Changjiang River
