摘要
雷电放电伴随短时间内高功率、大库伦量的电荷转移,可在电-磁-热-力等效应下造成结构壳体烧蚀甚至穿孔。由于雷电主放电阶段存在强烈的光辐射和电磁辐射,且耦合激波和等离子体现象,在模型描述和实验诊断方面难度大。放电过程物理机制研究的不深入,制约了结构防护设计优化。本文基于棒(高压)-板(接地)间隙大电流脉冲放电系统,研究了对壳体雷击的主放电过程的物理模拟和诊断技术,对放电过程的电物理参数、光辐射参数进行联合测量,实现了强光辐射下的自辐射和阴影法高速摄影,从多空间角度获取了放电等离子体的时空演化细节,建立了放电电磁过程和等离子体动力学行为之间的关联性。实验发现,雷电流破坏效应主要来源于接触点附近的传热过程以及面电流集肤效应导致的焦耳加热现象,激波则主要来源于电爆炸等离子体早期膨胀过程。最后从损伤来源角度为雷电防护设计提供一定建议。
Lightning strike, accompanied high power energy release and large coulomb transfer in a short period,can lead to ablation and even perforation of the structure under multi-physical effects. Due to the intense optical and electromagnetic radiation in the main discharge of lightning, and the coupling of shock wave and plasma, it’s difficult to apply simulations and diagnostics. The inadequate research on physical mechanisms restricts the optimization of structure protection design. Based on the large-current rod-plate discharge system, we studied the physical simulation of lightning and diagnosis technology. Electro-physical and optical parameters were detected and synchronized with high-speed photography. By imaging from different angles, the spatial-temporal evolution details of the discharge were visualized and the correlations between discharge electromagnetic process and plasma dynamic behavior were established. The test results show that the damage mainly comes from the heat transfer near the contact point and the Joule heating by the surface current(skin-depth effect). The shock wave mainly comes from the expansion process of electrical explosions. Finally, some suggestions for lightning protection design are provided from the perspective of damage source.
作者
付继伟
洪蓓
隗功正
李琛
韩若愚
FU Ji-wei;HONG Bei;WEI Gong-zheng;LI Chen;HAN Ruo-yu(Beijing Institute of Astronautical System Engineering,Beijing 100076,China;Capital Aerospace Machinery Company,Beijing 100076,China;State Key Lab.of Mechatronics Engineering&Control,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China)
出处
《强度与环境》
CSCD
2022年第5期1-11,共11页
Structure & Environment Engineering
基金
国家自然科学基金(52277134)。
关键词
雷电防护
脉冲电流
热等离子体
激波/冲击波
高速摄影
Lightning strike protection
Pulsed current
thermal plasmas
Shock wave
High-speed photography
