摘要
国际人才跨国流动已成为全球化发展过程中的重要特征和趋势,吸引国际人才、分享国际人才红利是中国面临的重大现实问题。基于2001—2013年中国出口企业微观数据和国际人才流入数据,本文实证研究了国际人才流入对中国企业出口产品技术结构的影响。研究发现:(1)国际人才流入显著促进了中国企业出口产品技术结构的优化,信息传递效应、技术溢出效应和研发促进效应是国际人才流入促进企业出口产品技术结构优化的主要渠道。(2)虽然国际人才流入没有对企业核心出口产品技术等级升级产生显著影响,但是,国际人才流入显著提升了企业核心出口产品的技术含量、出口额和出口目的地数量。另外,国际人才流入也显著提高了企业新出口产品的平均技术等级。(3)国际人才流入对企业出口产品技术结构的影响因国际人才流入时间、企业所有制、行业竞争水平、企业地理位置和行业要素密集度等因素而存在异质性。本文的政策启示是,政府要高度重视国际人才流入对中国经济特别是企业出口的影响,实行更加开放的国际人才引进政策,充分发挥国际人才对国内经济发展尤其是出口产品技术结构的优化作用,推动中国经济特别是出口贸易高质量发展。
Since the end of the 20th century,with the deepening of economic globalization,trade integration and the new scientific and technological revolution,the trend of cross-border labor mobility has become increasingly evident.The transnational flow of labor force makes information,knowledge and technology break through the restriction of geographical space,spread the information of foreign markets,bring advanced knowledge and technology of foreign markets to the enterprises in the host country,and increase the elements of highly skilled human capital in the host country.International talents are increasingly becoming an important factor to promote the economic development and technological progress of a country.Therefore,as a channel for the transmission of information and technical knowledge,international talents are an important strategic resource to enhance national competitiveness.International talents are not only an important way to promote bilateral trade,cultural and technological exchanges,but also the social network formed by the transnational flow of international talents has an important impact on the formation of international social trade pattern.Based on the micro data of Chinese export enterprises and the data of international talents coming to China from 2001 to 2013,this paper empirically studies the impact of international talent inflow on the technical structure of Chinese enterprises'export products.This paper has made the following contributions:First,this paper focuses on the structure of export products,focusing on the impact of international talent inflow on the technical structure of Chinese enterprises'export products.This is an important supplement to the existing literature and enriches the relevant literature on the economic effects of transnational labor mobility.Second,this paper takes the unique data of experts working in Chinese Mainland from abroad as the measurement index of international talent inflow.The primary purpose of expert international talent inflow is to work,which can h
作者
魏浩
周亚如
WEI Hao;ZHOU Ya-ru(Business School,Beijing Normal University,Beijing,100875,China)
出处
《经济管理》
CSSCI
北大核心
2022年第9期64-84,共21页
Business and Management Journal ( BMJ )
基金
国家自然科学基金项目“国际人才跨国流动及其经济效应研究”(71773008)
国家社会科学基金重大项目“中国主动扩大进口问题研究”(19ZDA068)。
关键词
国际人才流入
出口企业
出口产品技术结构
核心出口产品
新出口产品
international talent inflow
export enterprises
technical structure of export products
core export products
new export products
