摘要
目的:冰雪运动逐步成为校园体育发展的新方向,分析全国青少年校园冰雪体育特色学校空间分布特征及影响因素,有利于推进学校及相关部门遴选与建设冰雪特色学校整体进程。方法:基于文献资料、逻辑分析、空间地理分析等方法,运用最邻近指数、地理集中指数、洛伦兹曲线、核密度分析和空间相关性分析等方法,探究2020年教育部网站公布的全国1026个冰雪体育传统特色学校空间分布及影响因素。结果与结论:①中国青少年校园冰雪体育特色学校呈集聚、不均衡分布,多集中在黑龙江、吉林等北部地区,形成“北密南疏”的分布格局。②显示出以河南、北京、吉林为中心向四周递减扩散的冰雪特色学校分布结构。③空间分布密度不均匀,核心-边缘结构特征显著。④空间分布存在显著的空间自相关性,冷热分区明显。⑤青少年校园冰雪体育特色学校遴选地多为经济发达、气候寒冷、政策支持、冰雪文化盛行的地区。受人口流动、自然条件等因素影响,人口规模在冰雪特色学校空间分布上的影响并不显著。
OBJECTIVE:Ice and snow sports have gradually become the new direction of campus sports development.Analyzing the geographic distribution characteristics and influencing factors is conducive to propel the overall process of selecting and building ice and snow sports schools.METHOD:Based on literature,logical analysis,geographic analysis and other methods,this paper explores the geographic distribution and influencing factors of 1,026 traditional ice and snow sports schools in China published on the website of the Ministry of Education in 2020 by using the nearest proximity index,geographic concentration index,Lorentz curve,kernel density analysis and spatial autocorrelation.RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS:(1)Schools of teenagers and youngsters with characteristic in ice and snow sports in China are heavily concentrated in northern China,such as Heilongjiang,Jilin provinces.(2)The geographic distribution of the schools is centered around Henan,Beijing and Jilin and spreading around.(3)The schools are not evenly distributed,with an obvious core-peripheral pattern.(4)The geographic distribution has significant spatial autocorrelation,and the partition by climate is clear.(5)Schools of teenagers and youngsters,with characteristic in ice and snow sports,are selected mostly from economically developed areas,with a cold climate,policy support and an ice and snow culture.Because of population flow,natural conditions and other factors,the impact of population size on the geographic distribution of the schools is not significant.
作者
张宇飞
刘海涛
Zhang Yufei;Liu Haitao(School of Physical Education,Henan University,Kaifeng 475000,china)
出处
《体育科技文献通报》
2022年第11期86-90,共5页
Bulletin of Sport Science & Technology
基金
河南省教育科学规划课题(项目编号:2021YB0031)
河南大学研究生培养创新与质量提升行动计划项目(项目编号:SYLAL2022011)
河南大学本科教学改革研究与实践项目(项目编号:HDXJJG2021-152)。
关键词
冰雪运动
特色学校
空间分布
影响因素
GIS
ice and snow sports
characteristic schools
geographic distribution
influencing factors
GIS
