摘要
重点用能企业节能目标责任考核政策在中国节能政策体系中占有基础性地位,并具有鲜明的规模依赖型特征。本文通过构建基于行业的一般均衡模型,揭示了具有规模依赖型特征的节能政策能够产生直接减碳效应、碳排放泄漏效应的理论机制。以“十一五”期间实施的“千家企业节能行动”为自然实验,采用中国工业企业数据库与污染企业排放数据库,对上述理论进行验证。研究发现,“千家企业节能行动”显著抑制了受政策管制企业化石燃料消耗产生的直接碳排放,且受管制企业的销售收入、工业总产值、生产要素投入均显著下降。在此基础上,进一步研究发现“千家企业节能行动”在受管制企业所在的四分位行业内引起显著的正向碳泄漏效应。机制分析表明,行业均衡价格调整引致资源再配置,是该政策引起行业内碳泄漏的主要作用机制。异质性分析表明,行业内碳泄漏效应因行业内产品差异程度、行业可贸易程度、行业技术差距、省份—行业比较优势、企业初始规模、企业外部融资约束程度等行业(企业)特征而异。本文为完善节能减碳政策体系提供了理论依据与微观证据,也为正处于起步阶段的中国碳排放权交易体系有效防范碳泄漏风险提供经验启示。
Saving energy and resources is the primary task of major strategic decisions in pushing forward carbon peak and carbon neutrality.Since the 11th Five-Year Plan,administrative policies centered on assessing energy-saving targets for key energy-using enterprises have taken a fundamental position.However,the size-dependence characteristics of such policies themselves bring about their potential emission leakage risks.This paper gives it a try to explore the carbon leakage effect of sizedependent energy-saving policies.This paper constructs a simple general equilibrium model at the industry level,first analyzing the direct impact of size-dependent policies on the carbon emissions of policy-regulated enterprises,and then exploring the indirect impact of such policies on the carbon emissions of non-policy-regulated enterprises and the microscopic mechanism of action.Based on the matching data of China Industry Business Performance Database and polluting enterprise emission database,using the natural experiment of Top-1000 Energy-Consuming Enterprises Program(reducing energy consumption of the 1000 largest industrial enterprises in China),this paper uses the traditional difference-in-difference method to identify the carbon emission reduction effect of the policies,which is a prerequisite for carbon leakage.Second,the generalized difference-in-differences method is used to identify the causal link between size-dependent energy-saving policies and carbon leakage.Thirdly,it is proved that the adjustment of industry equilibrium price leads to the reallocation of resources among enterprises,which is the main mechanism for the policy to cause carbon leakage in the industry.This paper also provides further empirical support for the above mechanism of action by the multi-dimensional heterogeneity analysis of the industry features and such enterprise characteristics.The research of this paper finds out that the Top-1000 Energy-Consuming Enterprises Program has a significant carbon emission reduction effect,featuring the signifi
作者
陆菁
鄢云
黄先海
LU Jing;YAN Yun;HUANG Xian-hai(School of Economics,Zhejiang University)
出处
《中国工业经济》
CSSCI
北大核心
2022年第9期64-82,共19页
China Industrial Economics
基金
教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目“中国特色自由贸易港建设理论与方法研究”(批准号20JZD016)
国家自然科学基金面上项目“中国数字贸易的就业创造和就业消失效应:机理与实证”(批准号71973125)
国家社会科学基金重点项目“加快建设中国特色自由贸易港建设的制度创新及风险防控体系研究”(批准号20AZD051)。
关键词
规模依赖型节能政策
“千家企业节能行动”
碳泄漏效应
减碳效应
size-dependent energy-saving policies
Top-1000 Energy-Consuming Enterprises Program
carbon leakage effect
carbon reduction effect
