摘要
呼吸子泛指一类具有周期演化或周期分布结构的非线性波,它已成为非线性光学系统的研究热点之一。介绍了多种呼吸子在时域和频域空间中的动力学特性,讨论了其历史发展与实际物理意义。通过分析调制不稳定性与呼吸子之间的关系,讨论了呼吸子的激发机制及不同呼吸子之间的定量转换关系。由于呼吸子间存在多种相互作用形式,还讨论了由呼吸子碰撞诱发的高振幅波、Superregular呼吸子等过程。这些结果有助于读者对非线性系统中呼吸子动力学的理解,并进一步探究和实现光学呼吸子的实际应用与可控激发。
Breathers,nonlinear waves with periodic evolution or periodic distribution,whose shapes undergo periodic oscillations during propagation,can be localized in time or space with a finite background.Such breathers are widely found in physical systems such as nonlinear optics,fluid mechanics,Bose-Einstein condensates and PT-symmetric systems.Usually,according to the different excitation background,it can be divided into zero background and plane wave background.Among them,breathers on zero background are essentially“multi-soliton bound states”,and there are extensive experimental reports in ultrafast fiber lasers.Here we emphasize the importance of the breathers on the plane wave background of the latter case.Indeed,these breathers exhibit periodic energy exchanges with the plane wave background.Common breathers are mainly classified by their properties into Kuznetsov-Ma breather,Akhmediev breather,Tajiri-Watanabe breather,and Super-regular breather.Quite remarkably,the Akhmediev breather can be used to describe the well-known Fermi-Pasta-Ulam recurrence and higher-order modulation instability,showing the dynamic processes with doubly periodic characteristics such as regular or shifted recurrence and pulse splitting.In addition,the study of breathers is helpful to understand the phenomena including the generation of supercontinuum and turbulence in nonlinear systems.Moreover,the interactions of the breather have been shown to be useful for high-power pulse preparation and to reveal the nonlinear evolution of modulation instability.Generally,the study of the breather dynamics is mainly based on the integrable(1+1)dimensional nonlinear Schrödinger equation.In brief,the existence and excitation conditions of different kinds of breathers are obtained theoretically by exact solution in the integrable system,and the different breather structures are obtained by using the simple initial states for evolution.On the other hand,the formation conditions of breathers can be analyzed through the excitation mechanism of diffe
作者
杨战营
吴玉涵
YANG Zhanying;WU Yuhan(School of Physics,Northwestern University,Xi′an 710127,China;Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Theoretical Physics Frontiers,Xi′an 710127,China;NSFC-SPTP Peng Huanwu Center for Fundamental Theory,Xi′an 710127,China)
出处
《光子学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第10期277-289,共13页
Acta Photonica Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金(Nos.12275213,12175178,11705145)。
关键词
非线性光学
呼吸子
怪波
动力学
激发机制
相互作用
Nonlinear optics
Breather
Rogue wave
Dynamics
Excitation mechanism
Interaction
