摘要
轮廓法是一种基于截面解剖法的残余应力测量方法,可以获得目标平面法向的残余应力二维分布云图。经过20多年的发展与完善,轮廓法已经被广泛应用在航空航天、核电、高端装备制造等许多重要领域,尤其适用于焊接件、金属连接件和异型工件的残余应力测量。文中详细介绍了轮廓法测量的优势,分析了轮廓法测量的理论依据、测量步骤、误差修正、拓展应用、试验验证及研究热点,深入探究在一次切割轮廓法测量基础上发展起来的多次切割轮廓法、断裂轮廓法和X射线衍射法的叠加测量、近表面残余应力轮廓法测量等方法,这些方法克服了常规轮廓法测量断面应力、近表面应力方面的技术限制,可获得工程结构件的三维残余应力分布,针对不同的工程应用需求调整切割方法及测量方案以提供技术支持,拓展了轮廓法测量的应用范围。该文旨在为国内的同行提供参考,助力轮廓法在国内科学研究和工程应用方面的推广应用。
Contour method is a destructive residual stress measurement method based on sectioning relaxation,which can be used to obtain two-dimensional residual stress distribution normal to the cutting plane.After more than 20 years of development and improvement,the contour method is widely used in aerospace,nuclear,manufacturing and many other important industry sectors,particularly suitable for residual stress measurements of metallic welding and joint components.A comprehensive review of the contour method to clarify the technical advantages was described in detail in the paper.Theoretical foundation,measurement procedures,error correction,extended application,experimental validation and research hotspot of contour method were analyzed.Multiple cut contour method,fracture contour method,superposition measurement of X-ray diffraction method,near-surface residual stress contour method and other methods developed on the basis of single cut contour method measurement were further explored,which overcame technical limitations of traditional contour method of cross section stress and near surface stress,and 3D residual stress distribution of engineering structural parts could be obtained.It provided technical support for adjusting cutting method and measuring scheme according to different engineering application requirements,and expanded application range of contour measurement.The aim of this paper was to provide reference for domestic counterparts and help to promote application of contour method in domestic scientific research and engineering application.
作者
侯晓东
叶晋
黄照文
Paddea Sanjooram
张鹏
张书彦
Hou Xiaodong;Ye Jin;Huang Zhaowen;Paddea Sanjooram;Zhang Peng;Zhang Shuyan(Centre of Excellence for Advanced Materials,Dongguan 523808,Guangdong,China)
出处
《焊接》
北大核心
2022年第8期1-16,共16页
Welding & Joining
基金
国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(52101130)
中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDC04000000)
广东省引进创新创业团队项目(2016ZT06G025)
广东省基础与应用基础研究区域联合基金青年项目(2020A1515110952)。
关键词
残余应力
轮廓法
焊接
塑性变形诱导误差
切割策略
residual stress
contour method
welding
plasticity induced error
cutting strategy
