摘要
恐惧的双通路模型认为,恐惧可以通过快速通路和慢速通路进行加工。以往研究基于此提出了基于知觉相似性的恐惧泛化模型。值得注意的是,除了初级知觉加工外,人类还会进行高级认知的加工。关于初级知觉加工和高级认知的加工机制尚不清楚。本研究采用经典的辨别性条件恐惧范式,从数字构成的辨别性学习角度探究恐惧泛化的潜在机制。43名被试被随机分配到符号学习组和数值学习组。结果发现,在恐惧习得过程中,被试在主观预期和皮肤电导反应(skin conductance responses,SCR)指标上均习得了恐惧。在恐惧泛化过程中,主观预期和SCR指标出现了分离,具体表现为被试在主观预期上出现了辨别性恐惧泛化,而在SCR指标上并未出现泛化。这表明恐惧泛化中主观预期和SCR可能存在不同的加工机制。这对临床上分别从认知角度和自动生理反应角度治疗焦虑障碍具有重要启发意义。
The two-pathway model of fear suggests that fear can be processed through fast and slow pathways.Previous studies proposed a fear generalization model based on perceptual similarity.It is worth noting that in addition to primary perceptual processing,humans also engage in higher cognitive processing.The mechanism of primary perceptual processing and higher cognitive processing remains unclear.This study used the classical discriminative conditioning fear paradigm to explore the underlying mechanism of fear generalization from the perspective of discriminative learning constituted by numbers.Forty-three subjects were randomly assigned to sign learning group and number learning group.The results showed that participants acquired fear in both subjective expectation and skin conductance response(SCR)during the process of fear acquisition.In the process of fear generalization,subjective expectancy rating and SCR were separated.Specifically,subjects learned discriminative fear generalization in subjective expectancy rating,but did not appear generalization in SCR index.This suggests that there may be different processing mechanisms between subjective expectation and SCR in fear generalization.It is instructive to treat anxiety disorder from cognition and automatic physiological response,respectively.
作者
赵绍晨
岳洁如
陈伟
戎牧心
杨子凡
孟令怡
郑希付
ZHAO Shaochen;YUE Jieru;CHEN Wei;RONG Muxin;YANG Zifan;MENG Lingyi;ZHENG Xifu(Key Laboratory of Brain,Cognition and Education Sciences,Ministry of Education,China,School of Psychology,Center for Studies of Psychological Application,and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science,South China Normal University,Guangzhou 510631;China People’s Police University,Guangzhou 510663)
出处
《心理研究》
CSSCI
2022年第5期393-402,共10页
Psychological Research
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31771218,31970996)
国家社会科学基金重大项目(19ZDA360)
幸福广州心理服务与辅导基地资助。
关键词
恐惧泛化
辨别学习
双通路
经典条件反射
fear generalization
discrimination learning
two-pathway
classical conditioning
