摘要
生物地球化学循环是地球系统物质循环的核心,是维系地表生态系统稳定和人类社会可持续发展的重要基础。然而,气候变化以及人类的过度干扰可能会显著改变表层地球系统中的生物地球化学循环过程,尤其是脆弱的喀斯特生态系统。特殊的多孔隙关键带结构也加速了喀斯特地区物质循环及其对外界环境变化的响应,影响了不同尺度的物质循环和生物地球化学过程。本研究主要综述了宏观尺度(气候变化)、中尺度(人类活动)和微观尺度(微生物活动)的环境变化对喀斯特地区生物地球化学循环的影响。结果表明多要素变化导致喀斯特地区物质循环受到强烈影响,气候变化、人类活动和微生物活动及其耦合关系对喀斯特地区生物地球化学循环的调控作用具有重要意义。最后,本研究强调了现有研究的局限性并指出未来研究的挑战与方向,即未来应从系统研究(如地球关键带)的视角出发,将多尺度观测-分析与综合模型集成研究并举,从而构建多源多尺度耦合的过程和系统模型,进而为阐明喀斯特系统的演变规律和动力学机制、实现喀斯特地区的生态保护和高质量发展提供理论基础。
Biogeochemical cycles are the core of matter cycling in the earth system,and are critical to sustaining ecosystem stability and the development of human society.However,climate change and excessive human interference may significantly alter biogeochemical cycles in surface earth systems,especially fragile karst ecosystem.Meanwhile,the special porous critical zone structure in karst regions accelerates the material circulation and its response to the change of external environment,which affects the circulation of matter and biogeochemical process at different scales.Thus,this review mainly emphasized the effects of environmental changes on biogeochemical cycles in karst regions at macroscale(climate change),mesoscale(human activities),and microscales(microbial activities).The main contents are as follow.(1)Climate change(including climate warming and precipitation anomaly)is a direct representation of global change,which not only influence the stability of ecosystem in the karst regions,but also determine local biogeochemical process and material circulation.Although climate warming may enhance the carbon sink function of the aquatic ecosystem in karst region,the watershed carbon sink effect would change with the increase of the warming degree.Moreover,disasters and extreme climate have a strong impact on the ecologically fragile karst regions,but sometimes also have important negative feedback significance to the restoration and reconstruction of regional ecosystem.Furthermore,climate warming can directly or indirectly promote soil respiration intensity by improving biological factors(e.g.,physiological activity of underground roots)and abiotic factors(e.g.,enzyme activity),but whether it can offset the weakening of soil respiration caused by the decrease of soil moisture content should be further studied.In addition to climate warming,precipitation anomaly also significantly affects soil respiration and watershed nutrient fluxes in karst critical zone,which have important impacts on global carbon cycle and local
作者
刘鑫
李思亮
岳甫均
钟君
覃蔡清
丁虎
LIU Xin;LI Siliang;YUE Fujun;ZHONG Jun;QIN Caiqing;DING Hu(School of Earth System Science,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072,China;School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering,Xi'an Jiaotong University,Xi'an,Shaanxi 710049,China)
出处
《中国岩溶》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第3期465-476,共12页
Carsologica Sinica
基金
中国科学院战略重点研究项目(XDB40000000)
国家自然科学杰出青年基金项目(41925002)。
