摘要
基于中国综合社会调查(CGSS)六年的数据研究了城乡大学毕业生的收入差距问题。研究发现:(1)城市大学生的收入显著高于农村大学生;(2)控制就业地区后,两者的收入差距不再显著;(3)控制父母受教育水平后,两者的收入差距也不再显著;(4)同时控制就业地区和父母受教育水平后,农村大学生的平均收入反而高过城市大学生,因为考上大学的农村学生是“极度正向选择”的群体。机制分析显示,农村成长环境对孩子的风险偏好等非认知能力存在消极影响。因此,城乡之间的收入差距仅靠高等教育难以弥合,还需对农村孩子的非认知能力进行有意识的培养,以促进农村大学生的跨阶层流动。
This paper examines earnings differentials between rural and urban college graduates based on 6 waves of CGSS data.Four main results are found in the paper.Firstly,the average earnings of urban college graduates are significantly higher than those of rural students.Secondly,the earnings differentials between rural and urban college graduates are no longer significant after controlling the employment area.Thirdly,the earnings differentials are not significant,either,after controlling their parents’education.Fourthly,the average earnings of rural college graduates are higher than those of urban college students after controlling both the employment area and parents’education.This is because rural students who can be admitted into universities are those of extremely positively selected.Mechanism analysis shows that the rural growth environment has a negative impact on children’s non-cognitive abilities such as risk preferences.Therefore,the income gap between urban and rural areas is difficult to be bridged by higher education alone,and the development of rural children’s non-cognitive abilities is needed to improve social mobility.
作者
葛鹏
葛玉好
Peng Ge;Yuhao Ge(School of Economics,Zhejiang University of Finance&Economics,Hangzhou 310018;School of Labor and Human Resources,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872)
出处
《教育与经济》
CSSCI
北大核心
2022年第5期29-38,共10页
Education & Economy
关键词
阶层流动
正向选择
风险偏好
性格
social stratum mobility
positive selection
risk preference
personality
