摘要
背景:口腔中微生物种类繁多,形成一个复杂的微环境,菌群失调会引发一系列口腔疾病。目前,抗菌药物的使用主要是口服或局部使用,但由于抗生素的迅速分解与释放,病原微生物对抗生素的抗药性不断增强,常导致临床疗效不佳。近年来研究发现,壳聚糖及其衍生物具有良好的抗菌活性,同时随着纳米技术的发展,壳聚糖及其衍生物以不同的形式在抗菌领域的研究较为广泛。目的:针对壳聚糖及其衍生物的主要抗菌机制及其以不同形式在口腔抗菌领域的应用作一综述。方法:应用计算机在PubMed、Web of Science和中国知网数据库检索涉及壳聚糖及其衍生物在口腔抗菌领域中的相关研究,中英文检索词分别为“Chitosan,chitosan derivative,Antibacterial activity,Antibacterial Mechanism,Oral”和“壳聚糖、壳聚糖衍生物、抗菌活性、抗菌机制、口腔”,检索时限为各数据建库至2022年4月。结果与结论:①壳聚糖又称脱乙酰甲壳素,是甲壳素脱乙酰基后的初级衍生物,是目前发现的惟一的阳离子碱性多糖。壳聚糖及其衍生物作为纳米抗菌剂在口腔抗菌领域得到广泛研究。②壳聚糖及其衍生物目前最公认的抗菌机制是静电作用,即壳聚糖分子中所带的正电荷和微生物细胞膜所带的负电荷相互作用,改变了细胞的通透性,从而达到抗菌目的。③壳聚糖抗菌性能与多种因素相关,如生物来源及壳聚糖的内在因素(包括脱乙酰度及浓度、分子质量及聚合度等),不同来源的壳聚糖和不固定的特定环境因素(如温度和pH值等)在很大程度上也会影响壳聚糖的抗菌能力。④壳聚糖及其衍生物一方面可以作为抗菌药物的载体来促进口腔溃疡的愈合;另一方面也能形成聚合物复合支架作为更为绿色的口腔抗菌制剂,以纳米抗菌填料的形式增强口腔材料的抗菌性能;除此之外,其还能够作为纳米复合薄膜和涂层抑
BACKGROUND:There are many kinds of microorganisms in the mouth,forming a complex microenvironment,and microflora disorders can cause a series of oral diseases.At present,the use of antibacterial drugs is mainly oral or topical,but due to the rapid decomposition and release of antibiotics,the resistance of pathogenic microorganisms to antibiotics continues to increase,often resulting in poor clinical efficacy.In recent years,studies have found that chitosan and its derivatives have good antibacterial activity.With the development of nanotechnology,chitosan and its derivatives in different forms are widely studied in the field of antibacterial.OBJECTIVE:To review the main antibacterial mechanisms of chitosan and its derivatives and their application in the field of oral antimicrobials in different forms.METHODS:The computer was applied to search articles related to chitosan and its derivatives in the field of oral antimicrobials on PubMed,Web of Science and CNKI databases.The search terms were“chitosan,chitosan derivative,antibacterial activity,antibacterial mechanism,oral”in Chinese and English.The retrieval time was from the establishment of the database to April 2022.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Chitosan,also known as deacetylacetyl chitin,is the primary derivative of chitin after deacetyl group,and is the only cationic alkaline polysaccharide found so far.Chitosan and its derivatives have been widely studied in the field of oral antibacterial as nano-antibacterial agents.(2)The antibacterial mechanism most recognized by chitosan and its derivatives at present is electrostatic action,that is,the interaction between the positive charge carried by the chitosan molecule and the negative charge carried by the microbial cell membrane,which changes the permeability of the cell and thus achieves the antibacterial purpose.(3)The antibacterial properties of chitosan are related to a variety of factors.These factors mainly include:microbial origin,chitosan intrinsic factors(including:deacetylity and concentration,molecul
作者
刘卓冉
李玉梅
刘俊彦
尹彤
姜明
李友瑞
Liu Zhuoran;Li Yumei;Liu Junyan;Yin Tong;Jiang Ming;Li Yourui(Department of Prosthodontics,Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical College,Binzhou 256600,Shandong Province,China;Binzhou Medical College,Yantai 264000,Shandong Province,China;First Department of Endodontic Disease,Jinan Stomatological Hospital,Jinan 250000,Shandong Province,China)
出处
《中国组织工程研究》
CAS
北大核心
2023年第21期3361-3367,共7页
Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research
基金
山东省医药卫生科技发展计划项目(2017WS753),项目负责人:李友瑞
滨州医学院科研计划与科研启动基金项目(BY2016KJ06),项目负责人:李友瑞。
关键词
壳聚糖
壳聚糖衍生物
抗菌机制
抗菌活性
口腔疾病
支架材料
复合材料
纳米填料
chitosan
chitosan derivative
antibacterial mechanism
antibacterial activity
oral disease
stent material
composite material
nanofill
