摘要
天然草原是牧民们赖以生存的物质基础,也是维护生态平衡的天然绿色屏障,对生态保护、经济发展和社会稳定有着十分重要的意义。但长期以来,由于人为过度利用和自然因素的影响,导致草原退化、植物群落覆盖度降低、生物多样性破坏、毒害草等有害生物蔓延等生态问题突出,毒害草甚至成为天然草原的“绿色杀手”,给草原牧区畜牧业发展带来了严重的经济损失。文章对中国11个省区天然草原毒害草种类分布、优势种群与毒性、以及防控治理技术和利用研究进展进行综述,并重点列举出5种主要毒害草的灾害现状、毒性与危害,将对人们科学认识毒害草的生态作用,提高毒害草灾害综合防控水平以及科学利用毒害草资源提供理论依据和指导作用。
Natural grassland is not only the material basis for herdsmen to survive,but also the natural green barrier to maintain ecological balance,which has important strategic significance for ecological protection,economic development and social stability.For a long time,due to human's overutilization and the influence of natural factors,ecological problems such as grassland degradation,reduction of plant community coverage,destruction of biodiversity,and spread of poisonous grasses have become more and more prominent.Poisonous grasses have even become the“green killer”of natural grasslands,causing serious economic losses to the ecological protection of pastoral areas and the development of animal husbandry.This article summarizes the distribution of poisonous grass species on natural grassland,the dominant populations and toxicity,as well as the prevention and control technology and utilization research progress in 11 provinces in China.It also highlights the disaster status,toxicity and harm of 5 main poisonous grasses.This will provide a theoretical basis and guidance for people to scientifically understand the ecological effects of poisonous grasses,improve the comprehensive prevention and control level of poisonous grass disasters,and scientifically utilize poisonous grass resources.
作者
杨晨
沙日扣
苏日拉格
王帅
莫重辉
吴晨晨
路浩
赵宝玉
YANG Chen;SHA Rikou;Surilage;WANG Shuai;MO Chonghui;WU Chenchen;LU Hao;ZHAO Baoyu(College of Veterinary Medicine,Northwest A&F University,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China;Alxa Left Banner YingenSumu Comprehensive Support and Technology Extension Center,Alxa,Inner Mongolia 750300,China;College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry,Qinghai University,Xining,810016,China)
出处
《家畜生态学报》
北大核心
2022年第11期88-96,共9页
Journal of Domestic Animal Ecology
基金
国家自然科学基金项目资助(32072928)
科技援青专项资助(2020-QY-210)。
关键词
天然草原
毒害草
种类与分布
毒性
防控与利用
natural grassland
poisonous and injurious plant
species and distribution
toxicity
control and utilization
