摘要
乔纳森·卡勒运用史蒂文·纳普的“文学兴趣”概念来激活理论研究,将作为指涉物的文学插入与理论表述一体的新脚本,使文学通过“能动”结构,从理论对象变为理论自身的性质。“能动”一词来自纳普及其述行立场,因此不能被译为“代理”。但将文学纳入述行时又因语境性等始源残余,回避了他者的冲击。由于述行中这种始源残余,立足于它的“能动”结构并未根除对象与结构的界限,阻断了理论中的文学。用基于事件思想的“虚空”结构置换卡勒的“能动”结构,以主体趋向语言限度的潜能运动来根除对象与结构的界限,才解开了理论与文学的融合难题。主体在此虚空化进程中,呈现出与“泰然任之”的本质区别。这一置换揭示出理论中的文学在后理论定位上有别于经验感悟之处,并已初步得到实例的演示。
Jonathan Culler uses Steven Knapp’s concept of “literary interest” to activate theoretical research and puts forward a new script that integrates literary insertion and theoretical expression as a reference, so as to change literature from the object of theory into the nature of the theory itself through the “agency” structure. The word “agency” comes from Knapp and his performative position, so it cannot be interpreted as “agent.” However, when literature is included in the performative, it avoids the impact from others because of the original remnants such as contextuality. Given the residual origin in performative, the “agency” structure based on it does not eradicate the boundary between object and structure and, therefore, blocks the literature in theory. Only by replacing Culler’s “agency” structure with the “void” structure based on the idea of event and eradicating the boundary between object and structure with the potential movement of the subject tending to the limits of language can the problem of the integration between theory and literature be resolved. In this process of void, the subject presents an essential difference from “Gelassenheit”. Such a replacement reveals that the post-theoretical orientation of “the literary in theory” is different from that of experience, and it has been preliminarily demonstrated by examples.
作者
刘阳
Liu Yang(Department of Chinese literature,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200241,China)
出处
《外国文学研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2022年第5期43-56,共14页
Foreign Literature Studies
基金
国家社科基金项目“理论之后的写作机理与汉语因缘研究”(19FZWB021)。
关键词
理论中的文学
乔纳森·卡勒
能动
述行
虚空
The Literary in Theory
Jonathan Culler
agency
performative
void
