摘要
复杂难处理的氧化铜矿具有氧化率高、结合率高、矿物组成复杂等特点。孔雀石是一种典型氧化铜矿,其在矿浆中会与水的偶极子相互吸引形而成定向排列的水化膜,不利于浮选。孔雀石在硫化浮选过程中,其表面形成的硫化面积小、硫化物不稳定且易脱落。本文对硫酸铵增强硫化效果进行了系统研究,研究发现铵盐对氧化铜矿表面的硫化具有明显的促进作用,且能有效地提高孔雀石硫化浮选回收率。对溶液中S元素组分分析发现,在孔雀石浮选的最佳浮选pH范围内,HS^(-)为主要的含硫组分,推测HS^(-)是孔雀石硫化的主要物质。Zeta电位结果表明:硫酸铵的加入能促进HS^(-)/S^(2-)等负离子在矿物表面吸附。原子力显微镜(AFM)测试分析表明,硫酸铵提高了孔雀石表面硫化物的稳定性。X射线光电子能谱(XPS)研究表明,硫化过程是硫离子与矿物表面的铜离子发生氧化还原反应过程,硫酸铵的加入能促进这一氧化还原反应的进行,提高硫化效率。基于硫酸铵促进活化硫化浮选机理的研究,形成了先硫后氧-深度活化氧化铜矿异步浮选新工艺,并且成功地应用于华刚矿业的生产实践,大幅提高氧化铜矿浮选回收率。
Complex and refractory copper oxide ore is characterized by high oxidation rate,high binding rate,and complex mineral composition,making it extremely difficult to beneficiate.Malachite is a typical copper oxide ore.It will attract the dipoles of water in the slurry to form a oriented hydrophilic hydration film,which is not conducive to flotation.During the sulfidization flotation process,the sulfide film formed by malachite and the sulfurizing agent is small,unstable and easy to fall off.In this paper,a systematic study on the enhanced sulfidation effect of ammonium sulfate was carried out,and it is found that ammonium salt has a strong activation and activation effect on the flotation of copper sulfide oxide ore,and can effectively improve the recovery rate of malachite sulfide flotation.According the analysis of the S element in the solution,it is found that HS^(-) is the main sulfur component in the optimal flotation pH range,and it is speculated that HS^(-) is the main sulfide substance of malachite sulfide.Zeta potential results show that the addition of ammonium sulfate can promote the adsorption of negative ions,such as HS^(-)/S^(2-) on the surface of minerals.Atomic force microscopy (AFM) test analysis shows that ammonium sulfate improves the stability and sulfur content of the sulfide on the surface of malachite.X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) results show that the sulfide process is the oxidation-reduction of sulfide ions and copper on the surface of minerals.Adding ammonium sulfate can promote this reaction and improve the sulfidization efficiency.And the successful application of ammonium sulfate to promote sulfidization activation in the production practice of Huagang Mining.It has greatly improved the recovery of copper oxide ore flotation.
作者
陈代雄
刘梦飞
李宋江
董艳红
张晨阳
朱建裕
CHEN Dai-xiong;LIU Meng-fei;LI Song-jiang;DONG Yan-hong;ZHANG Chen-yang;ZHU Jian-yu(Hunan Provincal Key Laboratory of Complex Copper Lead Zinc Associated Metal Resources Comprehensive Utilization,Hunan Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals,Changsha 410001,China;School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering,Central South University,Changsha 410083,China)
出处
《中国有色金属学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第8期2393-2404,共12页
The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(5207041966)
中国博士后科学基金资助项目(212238)。
关键词
氧化铜矿
活化
硫化
浮选
表面吸附
copper oxide ore
activation
sulfidization
flotation
surface adsorption
