摘要
从20世纪50—60年代开始,考古学进入活跃的理论创新期。作为考古学的组成部分,水下考古的特殊性主要由遗存环境和相应的技术系统所定义,其理论变化则与考古学保持着相近的韵律。文章以文化-历史考古学、过程主义考古学、后过程主义考古学为论述框架,对水下考古学理论的发展变迁予以总结、分析。文章指出:自1960年科学的水下考古学确立以来,理论上大体表现出文化-历史考古学、过程主义考古学、后过程主义考古学的嬗变轨迹;水下考古学理论的发展与水下文化遗产保护方式的演进也有大体一致的节奏,彼此表现出一定的“源流”关系。总结这一变化过程,有利于理解学科发展的外部环境,有利于批评借鉴相关理论方法的合理内涵,以便进一步提升水下考古学和水下文化遗产保护的发展水平。
Since the 1950—1960s, archaeology has entered a period of active theoretical innovation. As a component of archaeology, the particularity of underwater archaeology is mainly defined by the relic environments and the corresponding technical system,and its theoretical changes maintain a similar rhythm to archaeology. Based on the framework of culture-historical archaeology, processual archaeology and postprocessual archaeology, the thesis summarized the development of underwater archaeology theory: since the emergence of scientific underwater archaeology in 1960,the theoritical trajectory has evolved from culture-historical archaeology, processual archaeology, and to post-processual archaeology;the development of underwater archaeology theory and the evolution of underwater cultural heritage(UCH) protection methods also have a roughly consistent pattern, showing a certain “source and flow” relationship with each other. Summarizing this change process is conducive to understanding the external environments of the development of the discipline,criticizing and drawing on the reasonable connotation of relevant theories and methods, so as to further improve the development of underwater archaeology and UCH protection.
作者
丁见祥
DING Jianxiang(School of Cultural Heritage and Information Manag ement,Shanghai University,Shanghai 200444,China)
出处
《自然与文化遗产研究》
2022年第5期1-1,2-10,共10页
Study on Natural and Cultural Heritage
基金
上海市“海洋考古与文化遗产价值阐释及传播”重点创新团队研究成果之一。
关键词
水下考古学
文化-历史考古学
过程主义考古学
后过程主义考古学
水下文化遗产
underwater archaeology
culture-historical archaeology
processual archaeology
post-processual archaeology
underwater cultural heritage
