摘要
孝道是影响老年人幸福感的重要变量之一,然而,以往研究却得出相互矛盾的结论,其中可能的重要原因之一是没有聚焦老年人孝道期待的实现程度。采用二次响应面回归分析探究老年人孝道期待和子女孝道支持行为之间的匹配度对老年人生活满意度和孤独感的影响。研究结果表明,对于生活满意度而言,和不匹配相比,情感期待和情感支持以及联络期待和联络支持匹配时老年人生活满意度更高;在期待和支持匹配的情况下,生活满意度随信息期待和信息支持的增加而提高;并且老年人的生活满意度仅随工具支持的增加而提高,但与工具期待没有关系。对于孤独感而言,在情感期待和情感支持二者不匹配时,较于情感期待低于情感支持,情感期待高于情感支持时老年人的孤独感更高;孤独感仅随联络支持和信息支持的增加而降低,与联络期待、信息期待、工具期待以及工具支持没有关系。该研究得出以下结论:老年人孝道期待的实现程度是提高其生活满意度的重要因素,而情感期待高于情感支持是影响老年人孤独感的重要因素。
Filial piety is an essential variable influencing the intergenerational interaction in the context of Chinese culture.Filial piety is a model of China’s refined traditional culture which guides family interactions based on blood relationships.It is,therefore,a social moral and normative behavior standard.Filial piety plays a vital role in older adults’lives.However,conclusions from previous studies concerning the relationship between filial responsibility expectation and older adults’quality of life are not consistent.This is partly because the studies did not consider filial support behaviors from adult children and filial discrepancy.Few studies have investigated whether older adults’filial responsibility expectations match filial support from children and the effects of filial discrepancy on their life satisfaction and loneliness.To bridge this gap,the present study aimed to test whether filial discrepancy affects older adults’life satisfaction and loneliness using a quadratic polynomial regression with response surface analysis.Our results showed that older adults’life satisfaction was higher when emotional expectation and support,as well as contact expectation and support matched compared with when these expectations and supports did not match.The slope of the matching line was significantly positive(β=3.23,p<0.001).Specifically,a good match between emotional expectation and support linearly increased life satisfaction.Life satisfaction was higher when contact expectation and support matched than when they did not match.Moreover,the slope of the matching line was significantly positive(β=1.74,p=0.010).Specifically,when the contact expectation and support matched,life satisfaction increased with the increase in these two variables.Notably,older adults’high life satisfaction was associated with children’s high instrumental support,but not the instrumental expectation.It was found that when emotional expectation and emotional support were mismatched,older adults felt lonelier when the emotiona
作者
李西营
金奕彤
刘静
张星宇
皮忠玲
LI Xiying;JIN Yitong;LIU Jing;ZHANG Xingyu;PI Zhongling(Key Laboratory of Modern Teaching Technology,Shaanxi Normal University,Xi’an 710062,China)
出处
《心理学报》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第11期1381-1390,共10页
Acta Psychologica Sinica
基金
国家重点研发计划(2020YFC2003000)
现代教学技术教育部重点实验室开放基金项目-中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(GK202205021)资助。
关键词
孝道期待
孝道支持行为
二次响应面回归分析
孤独感
生活满意度
filial responsibility expectation
filial support behavior
quadratic polynomial regression with response surface analysis
loneliness
life satisfaction
