摘要
【目的】同一种植物因在不同环境下发生而出现性状变异,研究这种变异能提高对植物响应环境变化的适应机制的理解。桃红岭中华虎凤蝶幼虫专性地以多年生草本植物杜衡叶片为食。该植物在当地呈零散分布,包括高海拔与低海拔两个种群,而该蝴蝶目前仅占据高海拔的少数寄主斑块。研究通过比较当地杜衡种群间的形态性状,揭示植物性状变异性与关联性,阐明性状变异(如来自叶部)对中华虎凤蝶的可能影响,并以此从寄主资源人工干预等角度提出与蝴蝶保护相关的启示。【方法】采用样线法,沿线记录杜衡植株位置、叶片数等信息,现场或带回室内测量每株地上(叶部)、地下(根、根状茎)营养器官与繁殖器官(花、种子)形态指标,用网格法测量叶面积。并通过计算各性状的变异系数(CV)与性状间的Spearman秩相关系数(r),分析性状变异性与关联性。【结果】桃红岭杜衡地上、地下营养器官性状变异均接近高水平(CV≥0.5),而繁殖器官性状则均为弱变异(CV<0.2)。相应地,繁殖器官性状间关联性均很强(r≥0.8),而营养器官性状间关联性则不确定。如蝴蝶非占据区少数性状间显著关联,而占据区则无性状关联(r<0.3),这表明杜衡繁殖器官性状稳定、保守,而营养器官性状则趋向变异,反映出该植物对桃红岭环境变化采取了宽幅适应或生态位策略。发现植物地上部分或繁殖器官性状均与地下部分性状(根状茎长与直径、侧根数等)显著关联,表明地下部分生长会影响到其他部位,相互间存在协变关系。但与非占据区不同,蝴蝶占据区地上部分株高与地下部分性状关联不显著,说明这种协变关系可能因环境压力而变化,反映了该植物生存策略调整与适应能力。在桃红岭,杜衡的低海拔种群较高海拔种群叶面积大,但种群间差异未达显著水平(P>0.05),且其他叶部性状也存在同样情况
[Objective]The morphological trait variation of a plant occurs once living in different environments,and such variation can promote our understandings of plant adaptive mechanism under changing environment.In Taohongling,the rare butterfly of Luehdorfia chinensis larvae exclusively feed on leaves of Asarum forbesii,where this plant showed a scattered distribution with one population at high-altitude and another at low-altitude.Currently,this butterfly only occupies some hostplant patches at high-altitude.This study aimes to reveal the hostplant trait variability and trait-to-trait correlations,expounding possible impacts of trait variation(e.g.from leaves)on this rare butterfly in Taohongling,and proposing implications of butterfly conservation from the perspective of human intervention of hostplant resources.[Method]In field transects,the location,number of leaves and other information of each plant of A.forbesii along lines were recorded.Morphological indexes of the up-ground(leaf)and underground(root and rhizome)nutritive organ and propagative(flowers and seeds)organ of each plant on site or indoors(after sampling)with a meter ruler were measured,and the leaf area with the grid method were also measured.By calculating the coefficient of variation(CV)of each trait as well as the coefficient of spearman rank correlation(r)between traits,the variability and correlation were analyzed.[Result]Results showed that the variability of upground and underground nutritive organ traits was close to high level(CV≥0.5),while that of propagative organ traits was at weak level(CV0.05)significant difference was found between the two poulations,and the same situation occurred in other leaf traits.It indicated that whether the host resource patch was selected or occupied by the butterfly had no connection with the variability of leaf functional traits.[Conclusion]The results suggest that the currently unoccupied host plant patches also has the potential to support the butterfly occurrence,and human intervention(such as individu
作者
陈亮
王渌
杨文静
吴问国
刘小洪
张毅
曾菊平
CHEN Liang;WANG Lu;YANG Wenjing;WU Wenguo;LIU Xiaohong;ZHANG Yi;ZENG Juping(Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grass Administration on Forest Ecosystem Protection and Restoration of Poyang Lake Watershed/College of Forestry,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang 330045,China;Taohongling Sika Deer National Nature Reserve of Jiangxi,Jiujiang,Jiangxi 332700,China;The Station of Observation and Research of Lushan,Jiujiang,Jiangxi 332900,China;Lushan National Nature Reserve of Jiangxi,Jiujiang,Jiangxi 332900,China)
出处
《江西农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第5期1122-1134,共13页
Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31760640)
江西省林业局科技创新专项(202233)。
关键词
中华虎凤蝶
寄主植物
植物性状
变异性
关联性
保护启示
Luehdorfia chinensis
host plant,plant trait
variability
correlation
conservation implication
