摘要
一方面,中国创新投入和产出近年来迅速增长;另一方面,中国的知识产权保护等正式制度仍然较为薄弱。如何解释该“悖论”?本文从非正式制度——宗族文化的视角出发,使用Heckman两步法解决自选择问题并构建合理的外生性工具变量解决内生性问题,发现宗族文化对民营企业的创新具有显著的促进作用。平均而言,使用家谱数量衡量的宗族文化提高1%,企业的创新产出可以增加约0.20%。分内外资企业、“汉地十八省”和边疆省份的异质性分析结果均强化了该因果关系。机制检验发现,宗族文化可以缓解民营企业面临的融资约束、降低专利执法的风险(道德约束)及构建信任机制,从而有利于民营企业创新。本文的研究结论不仅对“悖论”做出了回答,同时也为弘扬中国传统的宗族文化提供了经验证据。
On the one hand,China’s innovation input and output have grown rapidly in recent years;on the other hand,China’s formal institutions such as intellectual property protection are still relatively weak.How to explain this"paradox"?From the perspective of informal institutions-clan culture,this paper uses Heckman two-step method to solve the self-selection problem and constructs reasonable exogenous instrumental variables to solve the endogenous problem,and finds that clan culture has a significant promoting effect on the innovation of private enterprises.On average,a 1%increase in clan culture measured by the number of family trees can increase a firm's innovation output by about 0.20%.The results of heterogeneity analysis of domestic foreign-funded enterprises,"China Proper"and frontier provinces all strengthen the causal relationship.A series of robustness tests are also done in this paper,which all support the benchmark results of this paper.According to the mechanism test,clan culture can alleviate the financing constraint faced by private enterprises,reduce the risk of patent enforcement(moral constraint)and trust mechanism,so as to facilitate the innovation of private enterprises.The conclusion of this paper not only answers the paradox,but also provides empirical evidence for carrying forward the traditional Chinese clan culture.
作者
王文凯
高德步
Wang Wenkai;Gao Debu(School of Economics,Renming University of China,Beijing 100872,China)
出处
《南开经济研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2022年第8期63-83,共21页
Nankai Economic Studies
基金
中国人民大学科研项目“中国全面推进关键核心技术创新突破和构建创新型国家的机制体制障碍与改革举措”(21XNL008)的资助。
关键词
宗族文化
非正式制度
民营企业创新
Clan Culture
Informal Institutions
Private Enterprise Innovation
