摘要
为研究受电弓下沉对其气动行为和声学行为的影响,建立了考虑安装平台的高速受电弓计算模型,基于计算流体力学和声学类比理论,对受电弓的气动和声学行为展开数值模拟。受电弓下沉高度分别设为100、200、300、400和500 mm,通过风洞试验验证了数值计算方法的合理性。仿真结果表明:随着受电弓安装平台下沉高度的增大,绝缘子和底架迎风面正压减小,受电弓气动阻力减小;安装平台气动阻力先增大后减小,通过优化腔体过渡倾角可显著减小安装平台所产生的气动阻力;当安装平台下沉高度为300 mm、腔体倾角为30°时,受电弓开口、闭口运行时其气动阻力分别减小2.0%、1.8%,整车阻力分别减小1.4%和1.1%;受电弓气动噪声具有明显的主频特性,主要频率约为330 Hz,能量主要集中在400~2500 Hz范围内;安装平台下沉后,绝缘子和底架周围流体流速减小,绝缘子和底座的表面声功率显著降低;安装平台下沉300 mm时,受电弓远场气动噪声最大声压级减小2.02 dBA,平均声压级减小1.31 dBA;受电弓下沉可改善其气动和声学性能。
In order to study the effects of pantograph subsidence on its aerodynamic and acoustic behaviors,a high-speed pantograph calculation model was established considering installation platform.Based on the theory of computational fluid dynamics and acoustic analogy,the aerodynamic and acoustic behaviors of the pantograph were numerically simulated.The subsidence heights of the pantograph were as 100,200,300,400 and 500 mm respectively.The rationality of the numerical calculation method was verified by wind tunnel tests.The results show that with the increasing of the subsidence height of the pantograph installation platform,the positive pressures on the windward surface of the insulator and the base decrease,and the aerodynamic resistance of the pantograph decreases.The aerodynamic resistance of the installation platform increases first and then decreases.By optimizing the transition angles of the cavity,the aerodynamic resistance of the installation platform may be significantly reduced.When the subsidence height of the installation platform is as 300 mm and the inclination of the cavity is as 30°,the aerodynamic resistance of the pantograph in the knuckle-downstream direction/knuckle-upstream direction is reduced by 2.0%and 1.8%respectively.At the same time,the resistance of the whole train is reduced by 1.4%and 1.1%respectively.The pantograph aerodynamic noise has obvious dominant frequency characteristics,the main frequency is about 330 Hz,and the energy is mainly concentrated in the range of 400~2500 Hz.Due to the subsidence of the installation platform,the velocity of the fluid around the insulator and the base is reduced,and the surface acoustic power of the insulator and the base is significantly reduced.When the subsidence height of the installation platform is as 300 mm,the maximum sound pressure level of the far-field aerodynamic noise of the pantograph is reduced by 2.02 dBA,and the average sound pressure level is reduced by 1.31 dBA.The subsidence of the pantograph may improve the aerodynamic and acoust
作者
秦登
戴志远
周宁
李田
QIN Deng;DAI Zhiyuan;ZHOU Ning;LI Tian(State Key Laboratory of Traction Power,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu,610031)
出处
《中国机械工程》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第20期2509-2519,共11页
China Mechanical Engineering
基金
国家自然科学基金(52072319)
四川省科技计划(2019YJ0227)
中国博士后科学基金(2019M663550)
牵引动力国家重点实验室自主课题(2019TPL_T02)。
关键词
高速受电弓
下沉高度
数值模拟
气动阻力
气动噪声
high-speed pantograph
subsidence height
numerical simulation
aerodynamic drag
aerodynamic noise
