摘要
为实现天然次生林的可持续经营,以辽东山区蒙古栎近熟林为研究对象,采用典型样地调查法,探讨林分的树种组成、蓄积结构和空间结构特征,并运用森林可持续经营和结构化经营理论,提出林分结构优化调控方法,并评价其优化效果。结果表明:(1)该群落共有乔木树种11种,蒙古栎为该群落的优势树种,紫椴、花曲柳和色木槭为该群落的伴生种;(2)小、中、大径木蓄积结构比为0.2︰2.3︰5,小径木蓄积量严重不足,大径木和特大径木蓄积量过大;(3)在林分空间结构方面,角尺度、混交度和Hegyi竞争指数分别为0.547、0.547和2.820,林分整体呈聚集分布,中度混交状态,林木之间竞争激烈,生长空间不足,与理想林分结构存在一定差距;(4)经优化调控后林分结构得到明显改善,角尺度降低9.51%,混交度提高9.54%,Hegyi竞争指数降低12.08%,开敞度提高12.74%。由此可见,林分结构优化调控方法可以有效改善林分结构,释放林木之间竞争压力,为保留木创造更多生长空间。
In order to realize the sustainable management of natural secondary forest,the tree species composition,volume structure and spatial structure characteristics of near-mature forest of Quercus mongolica in the mountainous area of eastern Liaoning were studied by using typical plot investigation method. Based on the theory of forest sustainable management and structured management,the optimization regulation method of stand structure was put forward,and its optimization effect was evaluated. The results showed that,there were 11 tree species in the community,Q.mongolica was the dominant tree species among them,and Tilia amurensis,Fraxinus rhynchophylla and Acer mono were associated species. The volume structure ratio of small diameter,medium diameter and large diameter was 0.2∶2.3∶5,the volume of small diameter was seriously insufficient,and the volume of large diameter and extreme large diameter were excessively large. In terms of stand spatial structure,uniform angle index,mingling index and the Hegyi competition index were 0.547,0.547 and 2.820,respectively,which indicated that the stand was clustered and moderately mixed,with fierce competition among trees and insufficient growth space,and there was a certain gap from the ideal stand structure. After optimization and regulation,the stand structure was significantly improved,with the uniform angle index decreased by 9.51%,the degree of mixing increased by 9.54%,the Hegyi competition index decreased by 12.08%,and the opening degree increased by 12.74%. In conclusion,the optimal regulation method of stand structure could effectively improve stand structure,release the competition pressure among trees,and created more growth space for reserved trees.
作者
董莉莉
汪成成
赵济川
刘红民
王建军
刘怡菲
高英旭
DONG Lili;WANG Chengcheng;ZHAO Jichuan;LIU Hongmin;WANG Jianjun;LIU Yifei;GAO Yingxu(Liaoning Academy of Forestry,Shenyang 110032,China;Liaoning Baishilazi Forest Ecosystem National Research Station,Dandong118201,China)
出处
《辽宁林业科技》
2022年第5期1-6,67,共7页
Liaoning Forestry Science and Technology
基金
辽宁省“兴辽英才计划”项目(XLYC1902081)
辽宁省农业科学院院长基金(2021QN2012)
2022年辽宁省中央引导地方科技发展资金第一批计划(2022JH6/1001000JT)。
关键词
林分结构
优化调控
蒙古栎近熟林
蓄积结构
Stand structure
optimal regulation
near-mature forest of Quercus mongolica
volume structure
