摘要
卡车编队是一种极具前景的新型运营组织模式,多辆采用半自动驾驶技术的卡车以较小的车头间距共同行驶,达到减少能源消耗与环境污染和保障交通安全的目的,该组织模式也被称为“公路列车”。从运营管理及调度技术的角度进行研究,利用商品网络流理论解决某一特定卡车在何时何地编入哪个卡车编队的问题,尽可能地促进卡车编队的形成,最大限度地节约能源。本文分析卡车编队形成过程中额外产生的集结等待时间,并量化计算由于卡车编队成组运行,空气阻力的下降进而产生的燃油节省。在限制卡车编队规模的条件下,构建考虑合理绕行的卡车编队路径优化模型,将每个运输任务是否通过路网中的弧段设置为决策变量,优化结果既能反映每个弧段上卡车编队的构成情况,又能体现每个运输任务具体的走行路径。采用商业软件求解构建的卡车编队路径优化模型,形成卡车编队19个,节省燃油费用达到14%以上。结果表明:该模型能得出理想的卡车编队路径优化方案,为卡车编队的推广应用提供理论参考。
Truck platooning is an emerging and promising strategy to organize trucks to drive in relatively small gaps using semi-automated driving technologies. The operation mode is also called "road train" with the advantages of reducing fuel consumption and carbon emissions and enhancing traffic safety. From the operational and scheduling perspective, this study focuses on when and where to join a particular truck into truck platooning to facilitate the formation of truck platooning to maximize energy savings based on the multi-commodity network flow theory. The study analyzes the extra waiting time generated during the formation of truck platooning and quantifies the fuel consumption savings due to the reduction of aerodynamic drag by the formation of truck platooning. A truck platooning routing optimization model is developed under the condition of limiting the truck platooning size and considering reasonable detours. The outcomes of the optimization model could reflect the composition of truck platooning for links and directly show the routings of every transportation task by setting decision variables, which represent whether the transportation task passes through a link or not. The truck platooning routing optimization model is solved by commercial software, and 19 truck platoons are formed saving more than 14% of fuel costs. The results show that the proposed method can generate an ideal truck platooning routing plan, and the study provides a theoretical reference for the promotion and application of truck platooning.
作者
张泽锡
钟文健
林柏梁
ZHANG Ze-xi;ZHONG Wen-jian;LIN Bo-liang(School of Traffic and Transportation,Beijing Jiaotong University,Beijing 100044,China)
出处
《交通运输系统工程与信息》
EI
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第5期253-263,共11页
Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFB1201402)。
关键词
智能交通
卡车编队
整数规划模型
路径优化
时间窗
半自动驾驶技术
intelligent transportation
truck platooning
integer programming model
routing optimization
time windows
semi-automated driving technologies
