摘要
通过分析传统肉类生产方式面临的挑战及培育肉产生的环境影响,表明培育肉是一种在生产技术、发展理念以及未来意义上具有先进性的肉类生产形式。通过对培育肉不同生命周期评估(LCA)的对比分析表明,影响培育肉生产的环境因素是多方面的,包括原料来源、细胞生长密度等,与传统肉类生产方式相比,培育肉的生产过程将占据更少的土地面积、消耗几乎可以忽略不计的淡水资源、在温室气体排放方面也具有较为明显的优势。另外,在降低培育肉生命周期对环境影响方面仍然有较大的提升空间,需通过开发适于工业生产的具体工艺及攻关系列基础技术问题进一步降低其对环境的影响,以满足人们对可持续发展的要求。然而,由于目前培育肉的工业化生产工艺尚未建立,对于细胞增殖、分化和培育肉质量控制等尚无明确参数,导致不同LCA之间存在较大差异,为促进培育肉产业化发展需尽快确定培育肉的工业化生产工艺,按照目前我国的装备试剂工业基础水平明确符合我国技术发展现状的培育肉LCA,为我国未来制定相关培育肉产业化发展政策提供理论依据。
Based on a comparative analysis of challenges faced by traditional meat production and the environmental impacts of cultivated meat,it is indicated that the cultivated meat is an advanced form of meat production in the production technology,development concept and future significance.The comparative analysis of different LCA of cultivated meat suggests various environment factors affecting of cultivated meat production,including raw material source,cell growth density and so on.Compared with the traditional meat production,the process of cultivated meat production could take up less land area and consume almost negligible fresh water resources,showing significant advantages in greenhouse gas emission.It can also be concluded from this study that there is still much room for improvement in reducing the impact of cultivated meat life cycle on the environment.It is necessary to further reduce its environmental impact by developing specific processes suitable for industrial production and tackling a series of basic scientific and technological problems,so as to meet the requirements of human civilization for sustainable development.However,the industrialized production technology of cultivated meat has not been established so far,and the specific parameters of cell proliferation,differentiation and quality control of cultivated meat have not yet been defined,resulting in great differences among different LCA.In order to promote the development of cultivated meat industrialization,it is necessary to determine the industrialized production technology of cultivated meat as soon as possible.According to the basic level of Chinese equipment reagent industry,the LCA of cultivated meat in line with the current situation of Chinese technological development should be counted,which could provide the theoretical basis for formulating the development policies of relevant cultivated meat industrialization in China in the future.
作者
李石磊
李莹莹
王守伟
李雨爽
杨峰
LI Shilei;LI Yingying;WANG Shouwei;LI Yushuang;YANG Feng(China Meat Research Center,Beijing 100068,China;Beijing Academy of Food Sciences,Beijing 100068,China;Beijing Key Laboratory of Meat Processing Technology,Beijing 100068,China)
出处
《食品与生物技术学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第9期1-10,共10页
Journal of Food Science and Biotechnology
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFC2101400)
中国工程院战略研究与咨询项目(2022-XY-22)
北京市博士后工作经费资助项目(2018-ZZ-119)。
关键词
培育肉
传统肉类
生产过程
生命周期评估
环境影响
cultivated meat
traditional meat
production process
life cycle assessment
environmental impaction
