摘要
Understanding the interaction between biological structures and nanoscale technologies,dubbed the nano-bio interface,is required for successful development of safe and efficient nanomedicine products.The lack of a universal reporting system and decentralized methodologies for nanomaterial characterization have resulted in a low degree of reliability and reproducibility in the nanomedicine literature.As such,there is a strong need to establish a characterization system to support the reproducibility of nanoscience data particularly for studies seeking clinical translation.Here,we discuss the existing key standards for addressing robust characterization of nanomaterials based on their intended use in medical devices or as pharmaceuticals.We also discuss the challenges surrounding implementation of such standard protocols and their implication for translation of nanotechnology into clinical practice.We,however,emphasize that practical implementation of standard protocols in experimental laboratories requires long-term planning through integration of stakeholders including institutions and funding agencies.
基金
support from the U.S. National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (Grant DK131417) (MM)
support of a Burroughs Wellcome Fund Career Award at the Scientific Interface (CASI) (MPL)
a Dreyfus foundation award (MPL)
the Philomathia foundation (MPL)
an NIH MIRA award R35GM128922 (MPL)
an NIH R21 NIDA award 1R03DA052810 (MPL)
an NSF CAREER award 2046159 (MPL)
an NSF CBET award 1733575 (to MPL)
a CZI imaging award (MPL)
a Sloan Foundation Award (MPL)
a USDA BBT EAGER award (MPL)
a Moore Foundation Award (MPL)
a DOE office of Science grant DE-SC0020366 (MPL)
support from a Fulbright fellowship (NNM)。
