摘要
血小板是由骨髓中的巨核细胞产生的一种血细胞,是血液中重要的组成成分。在炎症环境下,血管受损暴露出内皮下基质,随后血小板被释放出的激动药激活并在血管损伤的部位迅速黏附,聚集形成血栓,在促炎细胞因子的激活作用下,血小板止血功能被放大,加速凝血过程。血小板被激活后会进一步释放出血小板衍生颗粒,如α颗粒、溶酶体和致密颗粒,在炎症条件下调控止血和血栓的形成。血小板不仅在止血和血栓形成中发挥作用,也能够和病原体相互作用调节免疫系统。当病原体入侵时,机体被细菌或病毒感染,血小板通过吞噬、作用于细菌或协调免疫细胞进行抗菌,病毒感染后血小板被激活,调节病毒的复制与传播。本文综述了在炎症中血小板发挥的作用,重点关注了血小板的促血栓形成作用,以及血小板与病原体相互作用以调节免疫系统的功能。
Objective Platelet is a kind of blood cell produced by megakaryocytes in the bone marrow.It is an important component of blood.In the inflammatory environment,the vascular damage exposes the subendothelial matrix,and then the platelets are activated by the released agonists,and quickly adhere to the site of vascular injury,aggregate,and form thrombosis.Under the activation of pro-inflammatory cytokines,the hemostatic function of platelets is amplified and the coagulation process is accelerated.When platelets are activated,they will further release platelet-derived particles,such as α granules,lysosomes,and dense granules that regulate hemostasis and thrombosis under inflammatory conditions.Platelets not only play a role in hemostasis and thrombosis but also interact with pathogens to regulate the immune system.When pathogens invade,the body is infected by bacteria or viruses.Platelets resist bacteria by phagocytosis,acting on bacteria or coordinating immune cells.After virus infection,platelets are activated to regulate the replication and transmission of the virus.This paper reviews the role of platelets in inflammation,focusing on the thrombogenic effect of platelets and the interaction between platelets and pathogens to regulate the function of the immune system.
作者
章凡
王哲
胡琨
向倩
崔一民
ZHANG Fan;WANG Zhe;HU Kun;XIANG Qian;CUI Yi-min(Department of Pharmacy,Peking University First Hospital,Beijing 100034,China;Institute of Clinical Pharmacology,Peking University First Hospital,Beijing 100034,China)
出处
《中国临床药理学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第17期2089-2093,共5页
The Chinese Journal of Clinical Pharmacology
关键词
炎症
血小板
血栓形成
细菌
病毒
免疫
inflammation
platelet
thrombosis
bacterial
virus
immune
