摘要
绿肥紫云英是喜湿怕渍型作物,开沟是稻田紫云英栽培的重要环节之一,在保证紫云英出苗率、提高紫云英产量和提高土壤肥力等方面发挥关键作用。传统绿肥种植技术中稻田人工开沟存在劳动强度大、成本高、效率低等问题,而目前市面上常用的开沟机存在沟形不稳、撒土不匀、开沟质量不佳的缺点。针对现有装置的不足,该研究改进了与旋耕机、拖拉机等配套的碎土抛撒开沟机装置,并对其效果进行了测试,结果表明:改进后的装置具有排水沟成型好、土块细碎、撒土均匀、土壤覆盖厚度以及抛土幅宽适宜的优点,有效地解决了稻田绿肥种植开沟降渍的问题;另外,改进后的开沟装置可通过变换传动轴的型号与旋耕机、拖拉机、收割机等进行连接,匹配机型更广,实现了一机多用。
Chinese milk vetch (CMV) is a hygrophilous green manure (GM) crop but dislikes waterlogging.Ditching is one of the important practices in growing CMV in paddy fields,which plays a key role in ensuring the emergence rate of MV,increasing the yield of MV and improving soil fertility.The traditional artificial ditching of GM-based paddy fields is faced with high labor intensity,high cost and low efficiency,while the common ditching machines can not avoid unstable ditch shape,uneven soil spreading and poor ditching quality.In view of the existing deficiencies,we have improved a crushed soil-throwing and ditching machine matched with the rotavator and tractor.The test results verify that the improved ditching device can form uniform drainage ditches,fine clods,even soil spread,suitable thickness of soil coverage,and suitable width of soil throwing,which effectively solves the waterlogging problem in GM-based paddy fields.Moreover,the improved ditching device realizes multi-function in one machine through its wider matching with rotavators,tractors,harvesters,etc.by changing models of its drive shaft.
作者
黄建余
廖育林
孙玉桃
张江林
高雅洁
鲁艳红
HUANG Jian-yu;LIAO Yu-lin;SUN Yu-tao;ZHANG Jiang-lin;GAO Ya-jie;LU Yan-hong(Agricultural Integrated Service Centre cf Caowei Town,Yuanjiang 413108,PRC;Hunan Soil and Fertilizer Research Institute,Changsha 410125,PRC;Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Arable Land Conservation(Hunan),Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of PRC,Changsha 410125,PRC)
出处
《湖南农业科学》
2022年第9期62-64,70,共4页
Hunan Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家重点研发计划(2021YFD1700200)
国家绿肥产业技术体系(CARS-22-G-11)
湖南省农业科学院科技创新项目(2019LS03-1)。
关键词
绿肥
稻田
碎土抛撒
开沟装置
green manure
paddy field
spreading of broken soil
ditching device
