摘要
集团化经营是企业应对复杂多变环境的关键举措,集团内部组织架构直接关系企业集团成功实践。集团分散式创新架构强调去中心化的个体自发参与创新活动,而集中式创新架构则由个别节点开展封闭的创新活动。虽然一些知名企业集团已经从封闭的集中式创新走向开放的分散式创新,但既有研究关于两种集团内部创新架构的创新绩效研究不足,导致难以指导企业集团创新实践。为此,本研究从集团微观组织角度识别集团创新架构特征,并基于2007—2017年A股上市公司进行实证检验,重点讨论企业集团创新绩效。研究发现:企业集团分散式创新对于组织创新绩效更有利,包括组织的专利申请和专利授权绩效;增强企业集团盈利能力和国家创新驱动政策实施可以削弱集中式创新负面影响;企业集团分散式创新对于东部地区企业的组织创新绩效影响更明显,即发达地区更需要注重集团内部分散式创新;集团创新架构会通过影响创新策略和产品市场竞争力而影响创新绩效,具体表现为集团分散式创新更加有利于实质性创新和提升产品市场竞争力,进而显著增加分散式创新绩效。本研究表明,企业集团不仅要重视与外部组织开放协作,更要重视内部创新架构设计,构建成员企业积极参与的内部分散式创新网络。本研究丰富了企业集团组织研究,拓展了企业集团创新架构以及创新绩效研究。
Collectivization management is a key measure for an enterprise to cope with complex and dynamic business environment.The success of the enterprise group’s practice is directly correlated with the internal organizational structure of the group.On the one hand,enterprise groups weaken the organizational boundaries of member enterprises and improve exchanges and collaboration among different members.They also conduct innovative activities that are challenging for individual enterprises to carry out,which helps to foster high-quality innovation.Enterprise groups,on the other hand,have not completely eliminated the organizational boundary among members,and even increased the principal-agent level among members within the group,and even gotten to the point where they were“gathering but not organizing,managing but not controlling”.Therefore,the proper internal organization structure of the group is crucial.At present,group innovation can be categorized as decentralized and centralized innovation in terms of organizational structure.Among them,the decentralized innovation of the group emphasizes that decentralized individuals voluntarily participate in innovation activities,while the centralized innovation is carried out by individual nodes to carry out closed innovation activities.Under the centralized innovation,the principal and agent of innovative activities are more distinct,which improving the efficiency of resource allocation.The disadvantage of centralized innovation is that individual innovation subjects are more prone to carry out rent-seeking behavior.Decentralized innovation places a strong emphasis on knowledge sharing among member enterprises in the process of innovation,which brings information advantage to group innovation.In a decentralized innovation environment,member firms view group innovation from a more open and strategic perspective and actively participate in group innovation.Decentralized innovation has the drawback of potentially reducing the function of internal capital markets The exist
作者
徐飞
杨冕
XU Fei;YANG Mia(School of Economics and Management,Anhui Normal University,Wuhu,Anhui,241000,China;School of Economics and Management,Wuhan University,Wuhan,Hubei,430072,China)
出处
《经济管理》
CSSCI
北大核心
2022年第8期95-115,共21页
Business and Management Journal ( BMJ )
基金
安徽省哲学社会科学重大项目“面向安徽产业竞争新优势的多链协同理论与实践研究”(AHSKZD2021D03)。
关键词
企业集团
创新架构
分散式创新
集中式创新
创新绩效
enterprise group
innovative organizational structure
decentralized innovation
centralized innovation
innovation performance
