摘要
大脑可塑性是指大脑可响应外部和内部刺激而引起自身结构和功能的改变。在中枢神经系统中,髓鞘由少突胶质细胞产生,具有保证电信号在轴突上跳跃性传递的功能。少突胶质细胞由少突胶质前体细胞分化而来,少突胶质前体细胞在大脑中广泛存在,且终身具有增殖分化的能力以及快速响应环境改变的潜能。长期以来人们对大脑可塑性的认识多聚焦于突触可塑性,但近年的研究表明,髓鞘可塑性对神经环路具有潜在的调控作用;髓鞘不是一成不变的,在经验或学习等条件下,能发生厚度和节间长度等结构改变以适应神经功能的变化。因此,该文总结了近年来髓鞘可塑性与灵长类及啮齿类动物认知功能的最新研究进展,从而为神经系统疾病的治疗提供新的思路与策略。
Brain plasticity is the ability of the brain to change its structure and function in response to external and internal stimuli.Myelin,produced by oligodendrocytes,supports the rapid and synchronized transfer of information in the CNS (central nervous system).Oligodendrocytes differentiate from OPCs (oligodendrocyte precursor cells),which are distributed throughout the adult brain and have the ability to proliferate and differentiate throughout life,and have the potential to respond quickly to environmental changes.While the majority of studies on brain plasticity focus on neuronal synapses,myelin plasticity has now begun to emerge as a potential modulator of neuronal networks.A large number of studies have found that myelin is not static.Under the condition of experience or learning,myelin can undergo structural and functional changes such as changes in thickness and internode length to adapt to the function of neural circuits.Therefore,this paper summarizes the recent research progresses on myelin plasticity and cognitive function of primates and rodents,so as to provide new treatment strategies for cognition-related diseases.
作者
黎新悦
罗富成
LI Xinyue;LUO Fucheng(State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research,Institute of Primate Translational Medicine,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650500,China)
出处
《中国细胞生物学学报》
CAS
CSCD
2022年第6期1202-1210,共9页
Chinese Journal of Cell Biology
基金
国家自然科学基金地区基金(批准号:82060234)
云南省基础研究计划(批准号:202101BE070001-065、202001BC070001、202102AA100053)资助的课题。
