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雾化治疗中气溶胶在深层肺泡输运特性的数值模拟

Numerical Simulation of Aerosol Transport in Deep Alveolus During Atomization Therapy
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摘要 目的基于计算流体动力学的方法,模拟计算单个肺泡中的气体与气溶胶颗粒输运情况,研究深层肺泡内气体流动和气溶胶颗粒输运特性。方法采用一端有周期性扩张/收缩半球形壁的长直导管作为单一肺泡及肺泡管的简化近似,建立二维数学模拟模型。考虑呼吸气体在半球边界上的扩散,采用欧拉-欧拉方法对肺泡管中气体以及气溶胶颗粒的输运方程进行求解。结果整个呼吸过程中,管道中空气的成分比率以稳定的周期方式随时间变化。气溶胶在管道输运主要依赖于颗粒的扩散系数,平流输运只有微小的影响。气溶胶颗粒尺寸减小时,气溶胶的扩散速度与深度均有提高,粒径小于4μm时该现象尤为明显,且呼吸频率和幅度的增大可以显著提升颗粒的输运能力。结论雾化治疗中,粒径较小的气溶胶颗粒可以增强药物扩散速度。深呼吸有助于提升颗粒的输运效果,治疗中应鼓励患者深呼吸。 Objective Based on computational fluid dynamics(CFD)method,the air and aerosol transport in a single alveolus were simulated to study the characteristics of airflow and aerosol transport in deep alveolus.Methods A long straight duct with a hemispherical wall at one end which had periodic expansion/contraction were regarded as simplified approximation of a single alveolus.Based on this,a two-dimensional(2D)mathematical model was established.The Euler-Euler method was used to solve the transport equations of airflow and aerosol particles in the alveolus considering air diffusion along the hemisphere boundary.Results The composition ratio of the air in the duct changed in a stable periodic way during the whole breathing process.The aerosol transport in the duct mainly depended on the particle diffusion coefficient.The advection transport had only a small effect on it.The diffusion velocity and depth of aerosol increased when the particle size decreased,especially when the particle size was smaller than 4μm.The increase of respiratory frequency and amplitude could significantly improved the transport capacity of aerosol particles.Conclusions In atomization treatment,aerosol particles with smaller particle size have better transportation and curative efficacy.Deep breathing should be encouraged to improve particle transport.
作者 唐浦 Aranyak CHAKRAVARTY Neelesh A.PATANKAR 匡波 TANG Pu;Aranyak CHAKRAVARTY;Neelesh A.PATANKAR;KUANG Bo(School of Mechanical Engineering,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China;Department of Mechanical Engineering,Northwestern University,Ilinois 60208,USA)
出处 《医用生物力学》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2022年第4期644-649,共6页 Journal of Medical Biomechanics
关键词 雾化疗法 深层肺泡模型 气溶胶输运 欧拉-欧拉方法 数值模拟 动网格 atomization therapy simplified model aerosol transport Euler-Euler method numerical simulation dynamic meshing
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