摘要
为了促进四川雅安野生油茶资源的开发与利用,本研究对前期从四川雅安筛选出的5株本地野生油茶资源(TQYS6、TQYS17、TQYS18、TQYS20、TQYS21)与雅安名山区九龙村引种的8个油茶品种(长林4号、长林23号、长林26号、长林27号、长林40号、长林53号、长林166号、湘林210号)的果实经济性状及脂肪酸组成进行比较。结果表明:野生油茶与引进品种在果实性状,经济性状及脂肪酸组成上存在显著差异(P<0.05)。在果实性状中,引进品种平均鲜果质量为22.81 g,其中湘林210号最大,为33.57 g,野生油茶平均鲜果质量为16.87 g,其中TQYS6最大,为29.47 g,引进品种的鲜果质量显著高于野生油茶。野生油茶TQYS17的果皮厚度显著小于引进品种,仅有0.67 mm,引进品种的果实形状变异丰富,多以卵形为主,而野生油茶果实形状大多数为球形。在经济性状中,引进品种的鲜出籽率为35.46%~43.03%、干出籽率为18.17%~23.12%、出仁率为61.03%~69.26%、干籽含油率为24.96%~34.57%、种仁含油率为40.89%~50.32%、鲜果含油率为4.51%~7.88%,而野生油茶的各经济性状都要显著高于引进品种,尤其是鲜果含油率,是引进品种的2倍以上。脂肪酸组成上,野生油茶与引进品种在脂肪酸组成成分上无差异,都含有油酸、亚油酸、硬脂酸、棕榈酸、顺-11-二十碳烯酸等成分,但在含量上有显著差异,其中引进品种品种饱和脂肪酸为10.47%~11.88%,不饱和脂肪酸为88.12%~89.52%,野生油茶的平均饱和脂肪酸为12.29%,平均不饱和脂肪酸为87.71%。通过综合分析,野生油茶较引进品种具有显著的优势,可以为四川雅安良种选育提供良好种质资源。
In order to promote the development and utilization of wild Camellia oleifera in Ya′an,Sichuan,the fruit economic characters and fatty acid composition of five local wild C.oleiferaresources(TQYS6,TQYS17,TQYS18,TQYS20,TQYS21)selected from Yaan,Sichuan province,and eight cultivars of C.oleifera(Changlin 4,Changlin 23,Changlin 26,Changlin 27,Changlin 40,Changlin 53,Changlin 166,Xianglin 210)introduced from Jiulong Village,Mingshan District were compared.The results indicated that there were significant differences in fruit characters,economic characters,and fatty acid composition between wild C.oleiferaand introduced varieties(P<0.05).Among the fruit characteristics,the average fresh fruit weight of the introduced variety was 22.81 g,wherein,Xianglin 210 was the largest,being 33.57 g,and the average fresh fruit of wild C.oleifera was 16.87 g,wherein,TQYS6 was the largest,being 29.47 g.the fresh fruit weight of introduced varieties was significantly higher than that of Wild C.oleifera.The pericarp thickness of wild C.oleifera TQYS17 was significantly smaller than that of the introduced variety,only being 0.67 mm.The shape of the introduced variety was varied and most of them were ovoid,while the shape of wild C.oleifera was spherical.Among the economic characters,the fresh seed rate of the introduced variety was 35.46%~43.03%,the dry seed rate was 18.17%~23.12%,the kernel rate was 61.03%~69.26%,the dry seed oil rate was 24.96%~34.57%,the kernel oil rate was 40.89%~50.32%,and the fresh fruit oil rate was 4.51%~7.88%.The economic characters of wild C.oleifera were significantly higher than the introduced varieties,especially,the oil content of fresh fruit,which was more than twice times the introduced varieties.There was no significant difference in fatty acid composition between wild C.oleifera and introduced varieties,including oleic acid,linoleic acid,stearic acid,palmitic acid,cis-11-eicosanoic acid and so on.However,there was a significant difference in the content.Wherein,the introduced varieties fatty acid wa
作者
向婷婷
孔庆博
郑倩
丁春邦
冯士令
周莉君
陈涛
Xiang Tingting;Kong Qingbo;Zheng Qian;Ding Chunbang;Feng Shiling;Zhou Lijun;Chen Tao(College of Life Science,Sichuan Agricultural University,Yaan 625014)
出处
《中国粮油学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第8期253-260,共8页
Journal of the Chinese Cereals and Oils Association
基金
雅安市科技计划(21SXHZ0017)。
关键词
野生油茶
经济性状
脂肪酸组成
主成分分析
wild Camellia oleifera
economic characteristic
fatty acid composition
principal component analysis
