摘要
本文在中国教育资源市场化的背景下,探究了初中课外补习对学业成绩的效应异质性及其对教育公平的启示。通过分析“中国教育追踪调查”(CEPS)的数据发现,从同质性效应来看,参加课外补习对于提升初中生学习成绩没有显著影响,但参与课外补习的倾向性影响其效应异质性。课外补习有助于提高倾向性处于中间水平学生的学习成绩,表明课外补习受益学生大多来自学习成绩中等的普通工薪家庭。对于倾向性较低的大多数相对弱势的家庭和倾向性较高的少数优势家庭而言,课外补习对学业成绩的作用微乎其微。研究表明,中国教育领域的市场化变革和相关政策的制定需要考虑个体教育选择的复杂性及其对教育公平所造成的深刻影响。
In recent decades,with the rapid marketization of educational resources in K-12 education,private tutoring has become widely popular in China,Yet,previous research has not reached a consensus on the impact of private tutoring on academic outcomes,and has also overlooked the influence of individuals’choice under Chinese exam-oriented educational system.By using data from the China Education Panel Study(CFPS),this study examines the heterogeneous treatment effects of private tutoring on eighth graders’academic performance from the perspective of individual choices.The results show that propensities to participate in private tutoring can differentiate the class disparities among middle school students in terms of their individual,family,school and other parenting factors.Furthermore,the results indicate that private tutoring on average has limited impacts on academic achievement,net of all background factors.However,students whose propensities to participate in private tutoring is in the middle range tend to benefit the most from private tutoring.For both the students of socioeconomically disadvantaged families with low propensities and their advantaged counterparts with high propensities,private tutoring has little effect on their academic performance.Sensitivity analysis further shows that the heterogeneous effects of private tutoring differ in cognitive ability,subject types,and tutoring periods.The finding carries out important implications for understanding the consequences of China’s policy interventions in reducing educational inequality.
作者
李昂然
LI Angran(Department of Sociology,Zhejiang University)
出处
《社会》
CSSCI
北大核心
2022年第2期94-125,共32页
Chinese Journal of Sociology
基金
国家社会科学基金青年项目(20CSH035)资助。
关键词
课外补习
个体选择
效应异质性
教育市场化
教育公平
private tutoring
self-selection
heterogeneous treatment effects
marketization of education
educational equality
