摘要
脊髓灰质炎(简称脊灰)是一种仅能通过接种疫苗预防,尚无特异性治疗方法的急性肠道传染病。目前,全球消灭脊灰行动已到最后阶段,在所有国家被证实阻断脊灰野病毒(wild polio virus,WPV)传播后,全球将停止使用口服脊灰减毒活疫苗(oral polio vaccine,OPV),进入后脊灰时代。世界卫生组织(World Health Organization,WHO)倡导发展中国家生产、使用Sabin株脊灰灭活疫苗(inactivated polio vaccine made from Sabin stains,sIPV)。2015年,全球首剂sIPV单苗在我国获批上市,并于2016年纳入国家儿童免疫规划(National Immunization Program,NIP),开始实施IPV/bOPV序贯免疫接种程序。sIPV自研发及上市以来,安全性和免疫原性良好,被WHO纳入全球疫苗采购目录,其将作为后脊灰时代的重要产品广泛使用。本文对全球脊灰防控进程作一综述,对比两种脊灰疫苗,回顾并展望sIPV的研发和应用。
Poliomyelitis(polio)is an acute intestinal infectious disease without specific therapy,which can only be prevented by vaccination.The Global Polio Eradication Initiative is now in its final mile,and the use of oral polio vaccine(OPV)will be stopped when transmission of wild polio virus(WPV)has been confirmed to be stopped in all countries,leading to a post-polio era.The World Health Organization(WHO)advocates the production and use of inactivated polio vaccine made from Sabin strain(sIPV)in developing countries.The first sIPV in the world was approved for marketing in China in 2015 and was included in the National Immunization Program(NIP)in 2016 when the IPV/bOPV sequential immunization program was introduced.Since its development and marketing,sIPV has demonstrated good safety and immunogenicity,and has been included in the WHO global vaccine procurement list.It will be widely used as an important tool in the post-polio era.This paper reviews the progress in global polio prevention and control,compares two kinds of polio vaccines,and reviews and prospects of the development and application of sIPV.
作者
石昊昱
廖国阳
车艳春
易力
杨雨璠
李佳炫
尹兴晓
杨净思
SHI Hao-yu;LIAO Guo-yang;CHE Yan-chun;YI Li;YANG Yu-fan;LI Jia-xuan;YIN Xing-xiao;YANG Jing-si(Institute of Medical Biology,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical College,Kunming 650118,Yunnan Province,China)
出处
《中国生物制品学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第8期897-906,共10页
Chinese Journal of Biologicals
基金
国家科技重大专项重大新药创制项目(2015ZX09101031)
科技部国家国际科技合作专项(2010FB93300,2014DFA32870)
工信部“2019年儿童用联合疫苗、肺炎结合疫苗等新型疫苗项目”-Ⅰ型Ⅲ型脊髓灰质炎减毒活疫苗(人二倍体细胞)系列产品产业化(0714-EMTC-02-00908)
盖茨基金会项目(OPP1049425)
云南省重点研发项目(2017IB008)
云南省科技计划项目(2017FB041)
云南省重大科技计划项目(2017ZF008).
