摘要
目的 探讨贵州天麻在制种生产上育种天麻块茎的选择。方法 以种麻的重量为主要依据,共设置8个等级,分别为重量130~140g,150~160g,170~180g,190~200g,210~220g,230~240g,250~260g,270~280g,测定不同等级天麻块茎重量、长、宽、厚及芽长等指标,每个等级选出外观形态相差不大的8个种麻进行室内盆栽试验,待种麻出土抽薹后,测花茎生长量、株高、茎秆粗、果穗长、蒴果大小、蒴果数量、蒴果重等指标,后进行下种,测麻种产量。结果 随着种麻块茎重量的增加,其花茎长、花果大小及白麻种产量等相关指标呈现先增加后降低的趋势。其中210~220g的种麻花茎最长、花序轴最长、花被筒最长、可播种量最多、白麻种产量最高;270~280g等级的天麻花茎最粗、蒴果果实最宽、蒴果数量最多。结论 通过利用SPSS对所有指标进行综合评价分析得出,210~220g的种麻相关指标综合排名居第一,因此在综合分析结果下,初步认为在生产上选种麻制种时,选择的种麻大小应在210~220g。
Objective In order to explore the seed production of Gastrodia elata Bl.in Guizhou,the tuber size of Gastrodia elata Bl.should be selected as seed for breeding.Methods Taking the weight of seed hemp as the main basis and other indicators as references,a total of 8 grades are set,which are respectively 130~140 g,150~160 g,170~180 g,190~200 g,210~220 g,230~240 g,250 ~260 g,270~280 g,after the selection of seed hemp,determine the weight,length,width,thickness and bud length of different grades of Gastrodia elata Bl.tuber,and select 8 seed hemp with similar appearance and shape for indoor pot experiment.After bolting,the growth of flower stem,plant height,stalk thickness,ear length,capsule size,capsule number,capsule weight and other indicators are measured after the seedling of hemp is unearthed.Results As the weight of seed hemp tubers increased,the related indexes of flower stem length,flower and fruit size,and white hemp seed yield showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing.Among them,210~220 g seed hemp has the longest stem,the longest inflorescence axis,the longest perianth tube,the most sown amount,and the highest yield of white hemp;the 270~280 g grade has the thickest stem,the widest capsule fruit,and the number of capsules.most.Conclusion Through the comprehensive evaluation and analysis of all indicators using SPSS,the comprehensive ranking of 210~220 g seed hemp ranks first.Therefore,under the comprehensive analysis results,it is preliminarily considered that the selected seed hemp is selected for production.The hemp size should be around 210~220 g.
作者
龙兰萍
罗夫来
罗春丽
李金玲
王华磊
LONG Lan-ping;LUO Fu-lai;LUO Chun-li;LI Jin-ling;WANG Hua-lei(College of Agriculture,Guizhou University/Key(Engineering)Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Breeding and Cultivation of Guizhou Province,Guiyang Guizhou 550025,China)
出处
《时珍国医国药》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第7期1715-1718,共4页
Lishizhen Medicine and Materia Medica Research
基金
国家科技支撑计划(2011BAI13B04-03)
国家重点研发计划(2021YFD1601001)
贵州省农村产业革命(中药材)专项(黔财农[2020]101号)
贵州省农业技术服务种业发展(黔农计则[2021]15号)。
关键词
红天麻
种麻制种
蒴果生长
麻种产量
G.elata Bl.f.elata
Seed production of hemp
Capsule growth
Yield of hemp seeds
