摘要
作为政区通名的“县级市”,政区层级与“县”相同,却采用了原本管县的“市”名,由此引出不同层级政区可否共用同一个通名的提问。在缺少现实参照的情况下,观察历史上曾经有过的同类现象也许是有益的。在中国历代县级政区中,“县”的比例长期超过80%,居于主体地位。历史上存在过少量非同级政区共享同一个通名的史实,元朝“县升州”产生的43个“县级州”与当今“县级市”的现象十分相似,辽代“州管州”、清朝“府管府”与目前“市辖市”的情况也雷同。当今“县级市”产生的根本原因是县的分等制度缺位,同级升格之路被堵,只能走越级升格之路。如何汲取历史经验,实行县的分等制度,从而疏通同级升格之口,应成为今后县级政区深化改革的方向。
As a generic term for a certain level of administrative district, “county-level city” has no difference from “county”.This leads to the confusion of using the same term to name different levels of administrative units.Some Chinese dynasties were confronted with the same problem in the past.For example, forty-three county-level subprefectures in the Yuan Dynasty were actually county-level cities.The confusion of “subprefecture governing subprefecture” in the Liao Dynasty, similar to that of “prefecture governing prefecture” in the Qing Dynasty, served as the precedent for“city governing city” facing us nowadays.The use of county-level city nowadays reflects the absence of a multi-level county administration.How to learn from history and set up a multi-level county administration to solve the problem of “city governing city”,however, awaits further exploration.
作者
华林甫
HUA Linfu(The Institute of Qing History,Renmin University of China)
出处
《中国人民大学学报》
CSSCI
北大核心
2022年第4期170-179,共10页
Journal of Renmin University of China
基金
国家社会科学基金重大招标项目“清史地图集”(12&ZD146)阶段性成果。
关键词
县级市
政区通名
同级升格
越级升格
县等制度
County-level city
Generic term for administrative district
Upgrading within the same level
Upgrading beyond the level
County grading system