摘要
【目的】硅是水稻正常生长发育的有益元素,研究富硅生物炭对红壤性稻田土壤中硅形态、水稻产量和硅吸收的影响,旨在为富硅生物炭在水稻生产上的应用提供科学依据。【方法】以南方红壤性水稻土为研究对象进行水稻盆栽试验,供试水稻品种为‘美香粘2号’。试验包括5个硅生物炭材料:1个低硅(BW3)、2个中硅(BH7、BB7)和2个富硅生物炭(AH、AB),每个生物炭材料添加量分别为盆栽土量的0.4%和0.8%,以不添加生物炭的处理为对照(CK)。水稻成熟期测产,并将水稻植株分为根、茎、叶样品,测定生物量及硅吸收量。同时,以连续化学浸提法测定土壤不同形态硅的含量。【结果】添加富硅生物炭显著增加了土壤有效硅、有机结合态硅及铁锰氧化物结合态硅的含量。5个生物炭材料中,以添加AB生物炭的处理增加幅度最高,其土壤有效硅、有机结合态硅及铁锰氧化物结合态硅较CK分别提高了184.23%、59.53%和117.54%。双因素方差分析结果表明,生物炭的硅水平和添加量对水稻产量、秸秆生物量、根部生物量均有极显著影响(P<0.01),且二者间交互作用极显著(P<0.01)。添加生物炭的处理间水稻籽粒产量差异显著(P<0.05);除低量低硅生物炭(BW3)处理外,其他生物炭处理水稻籽粒产量均显著高于对照(P<0.05),且各生物炭高添加量处理的水稻产量显著高于其低添加量,较CK的增幅达到4.18%~44.28%。水稻各部位硅积累量表现为:秸秆>籽粒>根部。两种添加量下水稻总吸硅量高低均表现为:AB>AH>BB7>BH7>BW3。在高添加量时,生物炭AB处理的水稻总吸硅量最大,比CK增加了73.68%,其次是AH生物炭。【结论】添加富硅生物炭比普通生物炭可更有效地提高红壤性水稻土中有效硅、有机结合态及铁锰氧化物结合态硅的含量,进而显著增加水稻对硅的吸收,提高水稻籽粒产量和生物量。提高生物炭的添加量对土壤和
【Objectives】Silicon(Si)is necessary for the growth and development of rice.We investigated the effects of Si-enriched biochar on Si form,rice yield,and Si uptake of a reddish paddy soil,to provide a scientific basis for a sustainable nutrient cycling in rice production.【Methods】A pot experiment was established,with rice cultivar‘Meixiangzhan2’as test material.The treatments included one lower Si biochar(BW3),two medium Si biochar(BH7 and BB7),and two high Si biochar(AH and AB),and each biochar was added at two rates(0.4%and 0.8%of the pot soil weight).No biochar was used as control.The rice yield and Si uptake were analyzed at harvest,and the soil samples were collected at the same time for the extraction and determination of chemical forms of Si in the soil.【Results】The addition of Si-enriched biochar significantly increased the content of soil available Si,organic Si,and Fe/Mn-oxide bound Si,among which the AB treatment exhibited the highest increase,with increments of 184.23%,59.53%,and 117.54%in the available Si,organic Si,and Fe/Mn-oxide bound Si compared with CK.The biochar types,application rate,and their interactions significantly affected the rice yield,straw biomass,and root biomass(P<0.01).Except for the low rate of BW3,all the biochar treatments significantly increased the rice yield,and there was no significant difference among the treatments(P<0.05),however,the high rate of each biochar elicited higher rice yield than the low rate(P<0.05).The Si accumulation in different parts of rice was in order of straw>grain>root.The total Si uptake of rice under the two addition was AB>AH>BB7>BH7>BW3.At high rate,the total Si uptake of rice attained its maximum in AB treatment,which was 73.68%higher than that of CK,followed by AH biochar.【Conclusions】Silicon-enriched biochar is more effective than medium and low Si biochar in increasing the availability of Si in soil,which translated to increased Si uptake by rice,and improved yield and biomass of rice.Higher application rate of biochar prod
作者
胡祖武
吴多基
吴建富
魏宗强
夏李佳
HU Zu-wu;WU Duo-ji;WU Jian-fu;WEI Zong-qiang;XIA Li-jia(College of Land Resources and Environment,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang,Jiangxi 330045,China)
出处
《植物营养与肥料学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第8期1421-1429,共9页
Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31660596)
国家重点研发计划(2017YFD0301601)。
关键词
富硅生物炭
红壤性水稻土
土壤硅形态
水稻产量
硅吸收
silicon-rich biochar
reddish paddy soil
chemical forms of soil silicon
rice yield
silicon uptake
