摘要
目的分析康复训练机构孤独症谱系障碍(ASD)、智力发育障碍(IDD)或全面发育迟缓(GDD)儿童早期语言及词汇发展特点,为ASD儿童干预训练的教学词汇提供依据。方法横断面研究。2019年3月至2020年2月,采用自制涵盖名词、动词、副词、形容词及代词共464个词汇的问卷对北京首儿李桥儿童医院康复医学科及北京市顺义区首儿雅稚儿童康复中心75例1~6岁神经发育障碍的ASD患儿(ASD组)、IDD和GDD患儿[发育障碍(DD)组]进行调查,以获取有效沟通词汇;采用《儿童神经心理行为检查量表:2016版》进行发育评估;同期在首都儿科研究所附属儿童医院儿童保健门诊招募发育正常、智龄相当的37例儿童[典型发展(TD)组]作对照研究。采用秩和检验或χ2检验进行数据分析。结果 ASD组儿童31例,月龄36.0(27.0~59.0)个月,智龄20.6(12.0~35.0)个月;DD组儿童44例,月龄37.0(12.0~77.0)个月,智龄24.3(6.0~56.0)个月;TD组37例,月龄20.0(10.0~61.0)个月,智龄21.9(12.0~55.0)个月。3组智龄比较,差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.718,P=0.698)。ASD组和DD组总发育商[56(36~83)、68(17~92)]均显著低于TD组[99(79~128)],差异有统计学意义(χ2=45.234、48.583,均P<0.001)。ASD组发育评估分量表中的大运动、精细动作、适应能力、语言、社会行为发育商及交流警示行为指数分别为77、52、60、39、52、40;DD组分别为75、64、73、60、60、8。除大运动外,ASD组儿童发育水平均低于DD组儿童,差异均有统计学意义(χ2=5.763、5.172、11.174、6.108、41.917,均P<0.05)。ASD组、DD组及TD组有效沟通词汇分别为10个、174个、146个,差异有统计学意义(χ2=12.785,P=0.002)。ASD组、DD组及TD组儿童能说短语者比例分别为9.7%、29.5%、51.4%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=13.733,P=0.001)。ASD组、DD组及TD组有效沟通词汇数量分析:以75%及以上儿童能完成为统计界点,3组有效沟通词汇数量分别为0个、1个、49个;以50%~<75%儿童
Objective To analyze the characteristics of vocabulary and phrase acquisition in Mandarin-exposed children with autism spectrum disorder(ASD),intellectual developmental disability(IDD)or general developmental delay(GDD)in rehabilitation training institutions,and to provide a basis for selecting training vocabulary for ASD children.Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out on 75 cases of 1-6-year-old children with neurodevelopmental disorders of ASD(the ASD group),IDD and GDD[the developmental disability(DD)group]by using a self-designed questionnaire containing nouns,verbs,adverbs,adjectives and pronouns,464 words in total.The participants were recruited from Department of Rehabilitation Medicine,Beijing Shouer Liqiao Children′s Hospital and Beijing Shunyi District Shouer Yazhi Children′s Rehabilitation Center from March 2019 to February 2020.Effective co-mmunication vocabulary was obtained."Children Neuropsychological and Behavioral Scale,Revision 2016"was used for developmental evaluation.At the same time,37 children with normal development and equivalent intellectual age[the typical development(TD)group]were recruited from the outpatient department of children′s Health Department of Children′s Hospital,Capital Institute of Pediatrics as a control group.The rank sum test or chi-square test was used for data analysis.Results There were 31 children in the ASD group,with a median chronological age of 36.0(27.0-59.0)months and median mental age of 20.6(12.0-35.0)months.There were 44 children in the DD group,with a median chronological age of 37.0(12.0-77.0)months and median mental age of 24.3(6.0-56.0)months.There were 37 children in the TD group,with a median chronological age of 20.0(10.0-61.0)months and median mental age of 21.9(12.0-55.0)months.No significant difference was found in the mental age among the 3 groups(χ2=0.718,P=0.698).The total development quotients of the ASD group and the DD group were 56(36-83)and 68(17-92),respectively,which were significantly lower than that of the TD group[9
作者
张丽丽
李向飞
李甦
金娜
金春华
Zhang Lili;Li Xiangfei;Li Su;Jin Na;Jin Chunhua(Department of Child Health Care,Children′s Hospital,Capital Institute of Pediatrics,Beijing 100020,China;Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science,Institute of Psychology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;Department of Psychology,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)
出处
《中华实用儿科临床杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第15期1161-1166,共6页
Chinese Journal of Applied Clinical Pediatrics
关键词
孤独症谱系障碍
智力发育障碍
全面发育迟缓
儿童
词汇
Autism spectrum disorder
Intellectual developmental disorder
Global developmental delay
Child
Vocabulary
