摘要
铍是一种重要的稀有矿产资源。美国铍产量居世界首位,2019年产铍438.9 t,占世界总量65%,我国是主要铍消耗国,2019年铍表观需求量为227.3 t,对外依存度高,我国铍资源保障形势严峻。本文阐述了世界铍资源现状,列举了主要含铍矿物的浮选工艺,并详细介绍了工业上氟化法和硫酸法制备氢氧化铍的流程。指出我国应该加大铍资源勘查力度,注重浮选对低品位矿石有效富集及伴生资源综合回收利用,加强溶液中低浓度铍的分离富集方法研究,重点攻关高氟低铍型资源高效利用技术,探索铍二次资源的再生利用,提高我国铍资源国内保障能力。
Beryllium is a significant rare mineral resource.The United States is the world’s largest beryllium producer,with production amounting to 438.9 tons in 2019,accounting for 65%of the global output.China is a major beryllium consumer,with an apparent demand of 227.3 tons in 2019,and a high degree of dependence on foreign countries.The situation of its protection is grim in China.In this paper,the present situation of beryllium resources in the world was described,the flotation processes of the main beryllium minerals were enumerated,and process of producing beryllium hydroxide by fluorination and sulfuric acid was introduced.China should try to explore more beryllium and pay attention to the effective enrichment of low-grade beryllium ores by flotation and the comprehensive recovery and utilization of associated resources.Meanwhile,the country should further the study of the separation and enrichment of beryllium from low concentration solutions and focus on the highly efficient utilization technology of resources with high fluorine and low beryllium.In addition,we should explore the recycling of waste beryllium and improve the domestic guarantee of beryllium.
作者
李宏
谭秀民
张秀峰
张利珍
伊跃军
王威
LI Hong;TAN Xiumin;ZHANG Xiufeng;ZHANG Lizhen;YI Yuejun;WANG Wei(Zhengzhou Institute of Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources,CAGS,Zhengzhou 450006,China;China National Engineering Research Center for Utilization of Industrial Minerals,Zhengzhou 450006,China;Key Laboratory for Polymetallic Ores’Evaluation and Utilization,MNR,Zhengzhou 450006,China)
出处
《有色金属科学与工程》
CAS
北大核心
2022年第4期44-53,共10页
Nonferrous Metals Science and Engineering
基金
中国地质调查局地质调查资助项目(DD20211408)。
关键词
铍资源
浮选
氟化法
硫酸法
beryllium resources
flotation process
fluorination
sulfuric acid method
