摘要
研究了超冷原子玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体中的非厄米趋肤效应。该效应源于非厄米自旋轨道耦合以及光诱导原子数损耗的共同作用。通过周期边界下体系能谱的缠绕,开边界下本征态向边界的积累,以及体系内部波包的单向传播,验证了非厄米趋肤效应的存在。其中单向传播的体动力学尤其适于该效应的实验探测。进一步通过非厄米Gross-Pitaevskii方程,研究了在相互作用与束缚势的作用下非厄米趋肤效应的性质。以上结果说明,非厄米趋肤效应及其在体系拓扑、动力学等方面的深刻影响,可以在当前冷原子实验平台上进行研究。
We study a Bose-Einstein condensate of ultracold atoms subject to a non-Hermitian spin-orbit coupling,where the system acquires the non-Hermitian skin effect under the interplay of spin-orbit coupling and laser-induced atom loss.The presence of the non-Hermitian skin effect is confirmed through its key signatures in terms of the spectral winding under the periodic boundary condition,the accumulation of eigen wavefunctions at boundaries under an open boundary condition,and bulk dynamics signaled by a directional flow.We show that bulk dynamics,in particular,serves as a convenient signal for experimental detection.The impact of interaction and trapping potentials is also discussed based on the non-Hermitian Gross-Pitaevskii equations.Our work demonstrates that the non-Hermitian skin effect and its rich implications in topology,dynamics,and beyond are well within the reach of current cold-atom experiments.
作者
李浩伟
崔晓玲
易为
Haowei Li;Xiaoling Cui;Wei Yi(CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230026,China;Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics,Institute of Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China;Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory,Dongguan 523808,China;CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics,Hefei 230026,China)
基金
supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFA0307600,2017YFA0304100)
the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11974331,12074419)
the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDB33000000)。
关键词
非厄米物理
开放体系
非厄米趋肤效应
超冷原子
non-Hermitian physics
open systems
non-Hermitian skin effect
ultracold atoms
