摘要
15世纪,当欧洲人到达美洲时,他们带来了移民和武器,但也将观念、病菌、动植物和特定的权力—经济结构一并引入。美洲的社会—生态景观经历了彻底的变化,这些变化助长了欧洲人的侵略,对原住民来说却是一场灭顶之灾。16世纪,杂草、动物和疾病构成的“哥伦布大交换”深刻地重塑了美洲,这一时期物种传播的速度和广度在历史上前所未有。事实上,美洲的景观是一种全新的创造。它既不是美洲原住民的愿望,也不是欧洲入侵者所能想象的,而是生物动力和社会动力协同作用的结果。
When Europeans arrived in Americas in the fifteenth century,they became migrants and brought weapons with them,and introduced ideas,harmful bacteria,animals and plants,as well as a particular power-economic structure into the new continent.The socio-ecological landscape witnessed drastic changes there,which enabled Europeans’invasion as if by the will of God,and a great calamity to indigenous peoples.In the sixteenth century,the’Columbian Exchange’of weeds,animals and diseases re-shaped the continent profoundly.The speed and width of species spreading in the period were unprecedented in history.Indeed,now the landscape in Americas had been a totally new one,which was neither the desire of indigenous peoples,nor Euporean invaders could have imagined.Instead,it had been the result of the synergy between biological and social drivers.
出处
《国际社会科学杂志（中文版）》
2022年第2期78-81,7,13,共6页
International Social Science Journal（Chinese Edition）
