摘要
目的通过收集早产儿随访的生长发育指标、Gesell发育量表评估结果、喂养方式等数据,分析可能影响早产儿生长发育的高危因素。方法选取2015年1月至2020年12月在广西医科大学第一附属医院新生儿科住院的134例早产儿,对其出生情况、住院资料及生后矫正12月龄内的Gesell发育量表发育商(DQ)和体格生长指标进行统计分析。结果①134例早产儿出院时宫外生长发育迟缓(EUGR)者53例(39.6%),体格正常发育者81例(60.4%);②多因素分析显示出生体重(OR=1.002,95%CI:1.001~1.082)、母亲患妊娠期糖尿病(OR=3.485,95%CI:1.141~10.645)、子痫(OR=7.540,95%CI:1.795~30.676)、新生儿甲状腺功能减退(OR=5.755,95%CI:1.116~29.688)、新生儿喂养不耐受(OR=2.860,95%CI:1.073~7.624)是早产儿出院后发生EUGR的独立危险因素(P<0.05);③在生后6个月内,普通配方奶喂养的早产儿头围增长迟缓发生率明显低于母乳+母乳添加剂喂养者和使用早产儿奶粉喂养者(χ_(2)值分别为5.007、10.169,P<0.05);④EUGR组和体格正常发育组早产儿在矫正3、6、12月龄时五大能区的DQ分值比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论围生期及出生后的并发症可能会影响出院时早产儿的体格生长发育,出院后的喂养方式也可能导致早产儿体格增长差异,临床上需予以重视,并根据个体差异调整喂养方案。
Objective To analyze the high-risk influencing factors of growth and development in premature infants by collecting the follow-up data of growth and development indexes,Gesell Developmental Scale evaluation results and feeding methods of premature infants.Methods A total of 134 premature infants who were hospitalized in the department of neonatology,First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University from January 2015 to December 2020 were selected.The data of birth status,hospitalization data,developmental quotient(DQ)of Gesell Development Scale and physical growth indexes within 12 months after birth correction were statistically analyzed.Results(1)There were 53 cases(39.6%)were with extrauterine growth restriction(EUGR)and 81 cases(60.4%)were of normal physical development at discharge among 134 premature infants.(2)Multivariate analysis results showed that birth weight(OR=1.002,95%CI:1.001-1.082),gestational diabetes(OR=3.485,95%CI:1.141-10.645),eclampsia(OR=7.540,95%CI:1.795-30.676),neonatal hypothyroidism(OR=5.755,95%CI:1.116-29.688),neonatal feeding intolerance(OR=2.860,95%CI:1.073-7.624)were the independent risk factors for the occurrence of EUGR in premature infants during discharge(P<0.05).(3)Within 6 months after birth,the incidence of delayed head circumference growth in preterm infants fed with common formula was significantly lower than that in preterm infants fed with breast milk combined with breast milk supplement and preterm infant formula(χ^(2)=5.007 and 10.169,respectively,P<0.05).(4)There was no significant difference in the DQ scores of the five major energy regions of preterm infants between the EUGR group and the normal physical development group at the corrected age of 3,6,and 12 months(P>0.05).Conclusion Perinatal and postnatal complications can affect the physical growth and development of premature infants at discharge.Different feeding methods after discharge may also lead to the differences of physical growth in preterm infants,which should be paid attention in clinical practice
作者
姚璇
钟丹妮
YAO Xuan;ZHONG Danni(Department of Neonatology,First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University,Guangxi Nanning 530021,China)
出处
《中国妇幼健康研究》
2022年第7期7-12,共6页
Chinese Journal of Woman and Child Health Research
关键词
早产儿
宫外生长迟缓
生长发育
GESELL发育量表
喂养方式
preterm infant
extrauterine growth restriction
growth and development
Gesell Development Scale
feeding modalities
