摘要
清朝规定官员在节令与喜庆日(婚庆宴会除外)可举办宴会,除此之外的都属违规宴会。但实际情况却是官场的违规宴会屡禁不止,成为风气,宴会形式主要有五类:上司与下属间的宴会,地方官员与巡视官员间的宴会,文武官员间的宴会,在任官员与致仕、休官、侨寓官员间的宴会,官商间的宴会。官员违规宴会引发官场陋规、滋生官场腐败及影响地方行政效率,加重地方财政负担,为官员互相串通包庇提供了条件,直接造成民间不良风气的形成。清中央政府采取谕令禁止、申饬、降级、革职等惩处方式,并要求地方督抚自我约束,试图遏制官场违规宴会。但是由于制度规定的笼统、制度建设的滞后以及缺乏完善而有效的监察监督机制,导致制度执行难度大,治理成效甚微,违规宴会问题越发严重,其教训令人深思。
The Qing Dynasty stipulated that officials could hold banquets on festivals and festive days(except wedding banquets),all others being illegal.However,illegal banquets in official communities became a fashion which manifested themselves as the ones between superiors and subordinates,local officials and inspection officials,civil and military officials,on-duty officials and those off-duty and between officials and business persons.Official banquets in violation of regulations led to bad officialdom rules,bred corruption,reduced local administrative efficiency,increased local financial burden,provided conditions for officials to collude and protect each other,and directly led to the formation of unhealthy folk customs.The central government adopted decree prohibition,reprimand,demotion,dismissal and other punishment methods,and required local governors to restrain themselves in an attempt to curb illegal banquets.However,the regulations being so general,system construction lagging behind,a complete and effective supervision mechanism being absent,implementation of the measures proved difficult,the problem becoming more serious,the lessons thought-provoking.
作者
余华
YU Hua(School of Literature and Communication,Xihua University,Chengdu 610039,Sichuan,China)
出处
《廉政文化研究》
2022年第3期90-96,共7页
Anti-corruption and Integrity Culture Studies
基金
国家社会科学基金西部项目(21XZS006)。
关键词
清代
宴会
治理
吏治
Qing Dynasty
banquets
treatment
governance of officials
